CAVALRY TACTICS
REQUIRED BY
AN INSURGENT ARMY OPERATING IN IRELAND.
LESSON v.

TAKEN FROM roiinns‘ MANUAL son THE PATRIOTIC \'0I.['.\‘TEER, WITH ALTERATIONS-

BY OLIVER BYRNE.
CIVIL, .\IlLI1‘ARY AND MECHANICAL E.\'Gl.\'EER._

WiIsI«1I.I.\‘os are of two kinds, from a halt and upon the move;
in either case the dressing is to the outer or marching flank. _ In
wheeling from ahalt, the pivot man turns his horse on his fore
feet, keeps his ground, and comes gradually round with the
rank. The outward flank man looks to his rank. regulates his
pace at which the wheel is made, and conducts the flank s as
to avoid crowding on the flank. the men resisting pressures f In
the outward and yielding to pressures from the inward flank;
the rear rank must reili back at the pivot, and partly passage
and incline towards the wheeling flank, in order to cover. In
wheeling on the move, both flanks are kept in motion; the inner
flank describing an arc of a lesser circle; the outer flank de-
scribing an arc of the large circle, and moving about one-half
faster than the rate at which the body is niarching; the inter-
mediate men conforming to the movements of the flanks: pres-
sure must be yielded when coming from the side towards the
guide, and resisted from the opposite side, whether the guide be
on the pivot or on the marching flank. In the evolutions, the
wheelings are on a fixed pivot; in changes of direction in col-
umn. the wheels are made on the move, so as not to retard the
march, the arcs described by the pivots are five paces. and
when marching in column of four, or twos, the pivot wheel
without slacking the pace; the wheeliugs should be first prac-
ticed in single rank; in wheeling f'rom line into column, the
lrcssing after the wheel is to the marching flank.

ALIG.\’ME.\'TS.

The three right files of each rank are placed four paces for-
ward and aligned.

BY FILE—RIGHT Dnnss. -- The men of each rank advance
singly and dress on the men of their respective ranks already
established, taking care not to pass beyond them, and feeling
the touch of the boot gently to the right.

Fuoxr.—The men turn their heads to the front. Dressing
back is practised in the same manner. After the men are suffi-
cicntly practised to align by file, they are taught to align by
the whole rank at once by the command RIGHT DRESS.

There are three paces, the walk. the trot, and the gallop. The
walk at 3% or 4 miles an hour. The trot at 8% miles an hour.
The gallop is not considered applicable to general purposes of
manoeuvre, though it may be uspd ocqasionally for very simple
formations. The rate of charge should not exceed the speed of
the slowest horses. To preserve uniformity of movement, the
trot and gallop should commence gradually. and by the whole
body at the same time. The pace. by which intervals are
measured, is one yard. As in infantry tactics, the commands
are of two kinds—those of caution and those of execution.
They should be given in a firm and clear tone, and repeated by
the chiefs of subdivisions. There should be a short pause be-
tween the command of execution. At thecommand of caution,
the chiefs of subdivisions will caution their subdivisions as to
the particular movement which each has to perform. The com-
mands march and halt should be instantly repeated by chiefs of
subdivisions. When 9. line breaks from a halt by a wheel the
chief of each subdivision will judge of the instant when the
movement ought to finish to order halt, and left or right-dress.
At the word march, a line or column will move at a walk, unless
the command indicates a different pace. When a command ‘s
not distinctly heard by some part of the line. each officer. when
the indication is obvious, will conform quickly to the movement
which he has seen executed on his left or right according to the
point from whence he perceives it to be given. Cavalry is said
to be marching by Files when each front-rank man has his rear-,
rank man following him, the whole is one single string. Cav-
alry is marcliing by twos, when each front—ra.nk two has its rear-

‘rink two following it, being a column two abreast. When each
.'ront-rankfour has its rear-rank four by its side, being a column
of 8 abreast, Cavalry is said to be marching by fours. Fou .9
must not be confounded with sections of fours, which is when
each frontrankfour, has its rear-rank four following it, being a
column of four abreast.

PLATOCN is the fourth part of a squadron. Platoons in sqad-
ron are numbered first, second, third, fourth, from the right.
Two companies form a squadron, and are termed the right and
left companies. Two or more squadrons compose a corps or re-
giment. The "ordinary distance at which the rear-rank is formed
behind the front-rank is one yard at pace, and is termed close
order. The increased distance taken by the rear-rank on some
occasions, is termed open order, and is 6 paces. The extent of
the front of a squadron is to be calculated at about as many
yards as it contains files. From one horse to another when
marching in files,.—twos, fours, or section of fours, the distance is
one yard. From one squadron to another in close column, the
distance is ten yards or paces.

Distance from one squadron to another in close column, ten

ards.

y Distance from one squadron, company or platoon, to another,
in open column—the extent of front of each squadron, company
or platoon, taken from front-rank to front-rank, adding 10 paces
for the interval between squadrons when in line. The depth of
two ranks, taking the length of the fullest sized horses at eight
feet, and the distance between the ranks at three feet, is to be
reckoned at about 19 feet. Intervals between squadrons, are ten
paces; between regiments fifteen, when in line.

Tue directing flank of a column is that which guides cover in
marching. When the column is marching with the ri ht in
front, the left is the directing flank; except under peculiar cir-
Jumstances or manceuvres, the right is the directing flank with
the left in front. The directing flank is indicated by the com-
mands, guide left or guide right, as the case may be, and the

dressing is towards that flank. Pressure must be yielded when
coming from that flank, and resisted when coming from the
opposite flank. Every division that Is to be aligned upon
another, will halt abreast of the rear rank, parallel to the line
of formation, to move forward into the alignment of the division
already formed. In'uersz'on——W hen the squadrons are not in their
proper order; or when the right are to the left, and the left to
the right. Oblique Echellon——A line broken into several parts by
wheels from line or column, less than the quarter circle, so as to
be oblique to the former front, but parallel with each other.

.When the lines of the open spaces are perpendicular to the lines

of the several parts the echellou is termed direct.
MARCHING To run RIGHT, BY FOURS.

Founs. RIonr.——Each rank wheels by fours to the right.
GUlDE—-LE1-‘T, MARCH—-The whole move forward dressing on the
left.

BY SECTIONS or I«‘oUIzs.

Sncrioxs or FoUns——RIGnr.—Thc whole wheel fours right, as
before.

GUIDE LEF'1‘—MARCll.—-—Tl10 leading four of the front rank
mapclltgs straight forward, its rear-rank inclining and covering
it; the remainder move off their ground in succession in the
same manner; first a front rank four, and then a rear-rank four
alternately. '

BY Twos. _

Twos _— Rl(}lI'l'.—-The right hand two of the front rank wheels
to the right; the remainder turn their horses’ heads to the right.

MAllClI.——Th€ leading two marches straight forward, followed
by its rear-rank two; the remainder move off their ground in

aiccession in the same manner: first a front rank two. and then
arear-rank two, alternately, the whole covering by the left.
Marches to the right by filcs,_arc made according to the same
principles as by (was, substituting the command FILES ron Twos.
Files should cover accurately.
FOR.\IA'l‘li).\'S TO THE LEFT.

If the column be marching by subdivisions of eight. or if the
front of subdivisions exceed that nunrber, the column must be
halted before it is wheeled into line; in other cases the forma-
tion may be made from the move.

FROM FOYRS.

COLUMN IlALr.——-Left into line wheel.

MARCH.

The whole of the fours wheel to the left, and dress to the

right.

\

T

H

rnon SECTIONS or FOURS.

Lnrr lxro LINE-MARClI.——Tl)€' leading four wheels to the left,
and moves up three horses’ lengths, followed by its rear rank;
the_reinainder continue moving on, and as each four arrives op-
posite its place. it wheels to the left, and forms up to the rank
to which it belongs. dressing to the right.

Formations -to the left, From Twos and Files, are made ac-

cording to_ the same principles and by the same command as
From Sections of Fours.

FORMATION ro THE RIGHT on Rnvnnsn FLAXK.
These formations are made from the move.

FROM FOURS.

Oiv RIGHT Ixro LIIVE-M..lncII.—'l‘he rear-rank fours check their
pace till the front-rank fours of the rank next behind come up
abreast of them; in the meantime the leading f'our of the front-
rank wheels to the right. and advances three horses’ lengths be-
yond the right flank of the column. and halts: its rear-rank
wheeling to the right, covering it and moving up the proper dis-
tance; the remainder continue to move on. each four wheeling to
the right when opposite its place. and forming up to the rank to
which it belongs, dressing to the right.

rnoii siierioxs or rorns.

Ox Rmrrr I.\"ro LI.\'e—MAIioII.—Tlic leading four of the front-
rank wheels to the right, advances three horses’ lengths, and
halts; its rear-rank four arriving behind it. wheels, covers, and
moves up to its proper distance; the remainder continue moving
on. and as each four arrives opposite its place, it wheels to the
right, and forms up the rank to which it belongs. dressing to the
right.

Formation to the right from Twos and Files, are made accord-
ing to the sanie principles and by the same command as From
Sections of Fours.

roR.\I.irIo.\'s TO THE 7-‘R0_\"l‘.
These formations are made from a halt, or move.
FRONT rotfns.

Fno.\‘r l.\"I‘0 LINE-MARl‘lI.——The leading four of the front rank
advances three horses’ lengths and halts, its rear-rank fours
moving up by an incline. to its proper distance and covering it;
the rest of the rear-rank fours check their pace till the front-
rank fours of the rank next behind come up abreast of them, the
whole moving up into line by inclining to the left, and dressing,
as they come up, by the right.

FROM sI«:c'rIo’vs or roun.

Faoxr INTO LL\'E-MARCH.---Tile leading four of the front rank
advances three horses’ lengths and halts, its rear-ra.nk four mov-
ing up to its proper distance, and covering it: the remainder
move up into line, by inclining to the left, and dressing. as they
come up, to the right. '

Formations to the front, from Twos and Files, are made ac-
cording to the same principles and by the same commands as
from Sections of Fours.

’l‘0 mvsxcn IN LINE.

SQUAD, FORWARD, Gifion LEFT (on RIGHT) MARoiI.——The whole
move forward toget_her, dressing towards the guide who marches
straight to the front on the points of direction.

'ro RETIRE IN LINE.

This may be done either from a halt. or on the move: in both
cases the wheels about must be on a fixed pivot.

FOCRS RIGHT (on LEFT) ABOU'I‘.—EaCll rank wheels about by
fours.

GUIDE RIGHT (on Lnrr) M ARCH.——Tl]e word Mmcn, to be giv-
en, the instant the fours have gone about. and the whole move
forward together, dressing towards the guide.

To resume the natural order the same commands and means
are observed.

_ DI;\lU.\‘ITIO.\‘ AND INCREASE or FRONT.

Those movements are intended for the passage of defiles, and
will be executed by the sub-divisions in successions, at the same
given point.

In diminishing from platoons to sections of fours and so down
to files, it will be necessary first to halt the column, in order to
avoid crowding and confusion, which would, otherwise, obvi-
ously arise from the want of space necessary to execute the
movements.

Dl.\IlNlSH— FROM SQFADRON T0 COMPANIES.

Br COMPANIES, MARClI.—Tll€ right company continues to move
forward; the left company halts until its right is cleared, when
its chief gives the words right oblique, march, and as soon as it
covers in column, forward guide-left.

FROM CO.\lPAl\'IES T0 PLATOONS.

BY PLATOONS-MARCI-{. -The first platoon continues to move
forward; the second platoon halts until its right is disengaged,
when its chief gives the word, rig/it oln’:'g«a'e, 77m7‘ch, and as soon as
it covers in column, forzrard, gr/.£de—le  'l‘hc fourth platoon ex-
ecutes the samc movement when it arrives at the place where
the second platoon broke.

rno:.I Pnnrooxs TO SE'.,‘.TlO.\'S or FOURS.

BY Sncrioxs or Focus, l\lARCH.-——The leading right hand four
continues to move forward followed by its rear-rank; the leading
left hand four halts until its right is disengaged when it obliques
to the right. followed by its rear-rank. and covers in column by
the left. All the other fours execute the same movement, as
they arrive in succession on the same ground.

FROM SE(‘TIO.\‘S or FOURS T0 TWOS.

BY Twos, .VIARciI.——The leading right hand two followed by
its rear-rank. continues to move forward; the leading left hand
two halts until its right is disengaged, when it obliques to the
right, followed by its rear-rank, and covers in column by the
left. All the other twos execute the same movement as they
successively arrive on the same ground.

FROM rwos ‘ro FILES.

BY FILES, l\I.~lRcII.—-The leading right hand file continues to
move forward, followed by its lef't hand file which obliques to
the right for the purpose. All the other files make the same
movements as each arrive at the same point.

INCREASE-—FROM FILE.~l TO TWOS.

FROM Twos, lllAl{ClI.—Th(-3 leading file continues to Inovc for-
ward; the remainder move on a trot, numbers two and f'our
forming on the left of one and three, as they successively arrive
at those last formed, and then dropping into a walk.

r-non rwos TO SECTIONS OFFOURS.

FORM SECTIONS or FOURS, MARCII.--—Tl1e éeading twos move
steadily forward; the remainder move on at a trot, numbers
three and four forming on the left of one and two, as they suc-
cessively arrive at those last formed, and then dropping into a
walk.

rnon sscrioxs or FOURS T0 PLA’I‘00XS.
FORM PLA'l‘()0NS, MARCH.———Tlle leading section moves steadily
forward; the others move on at a trot, the lef't sections forming
on the left of the right sections of platoons, as thcysuccessively
arrive at those last formed, and then dropping into a walk.
FROM l’l.A'l‘0Ol\'S T0 C()M1’A.\‘IES.

FORM COMPANIES, MAl{Cl{.——Tlle first platoon moves steadily
forward; the others move on at a trot, the second platoon form-
ing ou the left of the first, and the fourth on the left of the
third, as they successively arrive at the same point, and then
dropping into a walk.

1-‘non COMPANIES TO SQl'ADR0l\'.

Fonu SQUADRON. M.\IiCiI.—Tlie right company moves steadily
forward; the left company moves at a trot, obliqucs to the left.
forms at the left of the right coiiipaiiy. and then drops,iuto a
walk. III these movements the column is supposed to bemarch—
ing right in front-. If the coluiiiii should be Inarching with the
left in front, the inovenieiits would be executed by inverse
means. '

The use of the sword, carbine, or lance is taught when the
soldier isglismounted, and will be attended to hereafter.

   

THE E)ll’ltE.5‘S AND run CAN’l‘I.\‘lERi'2.—-A touching anecdote,
connected with the departure of one of the regiments oflight
infantry of the Guard. is related. As the regiment was passiiig
near the Place dcs l’yrami<ls, in the Rue de Rivoli, ayoung
canl£m’c're, leading by the hand a little girl, aged about six years.
left the ranks, and, entering the house at the corner of the place,
asked it'.the offices of the secretary of the Empress were not
there. She was answcrrd in the affirmative. and she cried,
“-Well, then, I leave you my child! Take her to the Empress,
and tell her Majesty that I'know she will take care of her until
my return from the war.’ And so saying she left the child.

The Empress. on being informed pf this incident, gave orders
’ that the child should be taken care of until the return of the
' mother.

......p... ‘.x- -

    - .17..  

IMX .

SPEECH OF THE EARL OF DERBY.
AT 9. late banquet given by the conservative party in London
to their political leaders. the Earl of Derby delivered the follow-
ing significant speech: It is impossible f'or me, speaking at this
critical period of our history, not to advert in a few words to
the circumstances in which we found ourselves the moment
when the late government left office. And if there were any
other consideration which would induce me to recommend to
you acareful abstinence from vexatious opposition, it would be
found in the fact that at no time in my memory has this country
been placed in a position of greater anxiety, or greater uncer-
tainty with respect to the future, than at the present hour.
(Cheers.) It was the desire of my colleagues and myself to
maintain. as between the contending parties engaged in the late
war, the most strict and impartial neulrality——not waiving any
personal feelings or sympathies which we might individually en-
tertain. but being most careful that those personal feelings and
sympathies should not in the slightest degree influence our pub-
lie and political conduct. And I believe that injustice has been
done to my noble friend lately at the head of foreign afl'airs——
(great cheering~)——tlian whom no man has been more rancor-
ously or more industriously defamed. And it is only due to him
to say that the correspondence which has been laid before the
country has been the labor and anxiety which be displayed on
the subject; and those who had not hesitated in condemning
without hearing, have since excused their conduct by saying
that if these papers had been laid before Parliament soonerit
would have made a difference in their opinion. (A laugh.) We
have the satisfaction of knowing that in the minds of the English
statesmen of all parties, and in the minds of foreigners. the pro-
duction of these papers has proved that we maintained in prac-
tice, as we had professed, the strictest and most impartial neu-
trality. «Cheers.) If we tendered in vain our exhortations and
our entreaties, it was not for want of earnestness or of impar-
tiality that they failed in preventing the two parties, bot.h pre-
viously determined on war, from takingthat last and most fatal
step. (Cheers.) That war has for the moment terminated, and
every friend of humanity must rejoice in the cessation of the ef-
fusion of those torrents of human blood which have been poured
forth so profusely and so recklessly at Magenta. at Solfl-rino,
and other fields in Italy. It is too early to speak to you of the
exact conditions of this truce of peace. But I confess to you
that, from the information we at present possess, I ‘look to the
state of affairs arising out of the peace as more critical
and dangerous than anything which has existed before.
(Cheers) In my opinion, as I have avowed on former occasions,
that war was commenced upon insufficient grounds and false
pretexts, for all those purposes which were put forward to justi-
fy the war, there. is not one which has been supported or attain-
ed by the struggle which has taken place; there are several
which are placed in positions of greater jeopardy than they
stood in before the war. (Cliecrs.) I, who honor constitutional
government-—I, who, in common with the true friends of liberty,
looked with the most earnest admiration upon the example of
the kingdom of Sardinia struggling into a state of constitutional
freedom, avoiding the excesses of despotism on the. one hand.
and of unlimited license on the other,«saw with pain that its gov-
ernment were not content with the enjoyment of its own liber-
ties and its own constitution—wcre notsatisfied with making
that constitution by its effects on their happiness and domestic
comfort an example which the rest of Italy ‘might copy—-I saw
them, I say with regret, depart from that constitutional course.
endeavoring to excite animosity. dark intrigues, and machina-
tions among other States, and for that purpose maintaining ar-
mies ruinous to their own finan es. and which have proved de-
structive to their own comfort. I foresaw that in inviting the
co-operation of a powerful neighbor against the fancied appre-
hension of invasion on the part of Austria. they were in effect
bringing down on themselves, as well as upon the rest of Italy,
the most serious dangers and the most inevitable calamities.
And what. I ask you, has been the result of this effusion of the
blood of 100,000 men—for not less than that number have been
put hors de combat in the course of this campaign? What was
the plea? The presence of the foreigner in Italy, the mal-
government of the Papal States. the discontent and dissatisfac-
tion of the inhabitants. and the necessity of liberating them
from a foreign yoke and leaving them free to choose their own
form of government. At the expiration of this struggle, what
are the terms upon which, as far as we know, this peace has
been made, and what are the advantages which have been gained
to the freedom of Italy by all this carnage? The constitution
of Sardinia itself has been suspendedi~I hope only during the
continua cc of the struggle. The Milanese, the possession of
which s recognized by the Emperor Napoleon as the just pat-
rimony of Austria, as long as she confined herself within her
own limits, and from which there was no pretence for driving
her, Austria has renounced. Has Milan the choice of a Govern-
ment? No. But all is settled; France accepts from Austria
the gift of that very territory which it was contended Austria
had no right to, and France contemptuously flings it over into
the hands of her supporter, Sardinia. I am not saying that the
Italian nations had no cause to complain of the governments
under which they were placed; but if the freedom of Italy was
her anxiety, what would have been the course of Sardinia?
That country has annexed Lombardy with the consent of her
powerful supporter—with what satisfaction to the inhabitants of
Lombardy, and even of Piedmont, remains yet to be seen. She
has sought to annex Modena. Parma and Tuscany; but she has
had a veto put upon the ambitious projects which she enter-
tained, and the result of all her efforts and machinations has
been this—that Tuscany, Modena, and. I hope, Parma, are by
the authority of the foreigner, and perhaps of Piedmont itself,
to be restored to their former position. (Cheers) What has
been done for the improvement of the government of the Papal
States? Nothing! But we are told there is to‘ be an Italian
Confederation of all the States under their former rulers. in-
cluding Venetia. under Austria. That Confederation, including
Piedmont itself, is to be subject to the Presidency——tlie honorary
Presidency~of the Sovereign Pontifl‘ of the Roman States.
These are the results to the promised liberty of Italy from the
carnage which has taken place. Do not_ understand me to be
pronouncing any opinion with respect to the probable effect of
But one result is, I think, inevitable, which is, that

this truce. .
hose friends of «liberty, whether of liberty in excess or in mod-

ration, but more especially those friends of extreme liberty,
whose hopes and expectations have been excited by the inter-
ference of France and Sardinia, will be doubly disappointed at
the failure- of their cherished anticipations. Far better would
it have been to hold out no hopes at all, than by foreign inter-
vention to encourage and excite those hopes and then dash the
cup to the ground from the lips of a sensitive people, with all
the possible consequences of that disappointment. (Cheers)
I rejoice that the war, under any circumstances. has been
stopped where it has been. I give the Emperor of the French
the highest credit for the various motives of humanity and
policy which dictated‘ the course he has taken in thus early put-
ting an end to the horrors of war, because I believe that a very
little more. and the conflagration would have extended over the
whole of Europe. and it is iiupossible to say at what time the
termination of this war would then have taken place. But I
say this position of affairs gives room for serious thought and
anxious consideration to England. The passions of men through-
out Europc have been excited. Great armaments have been
brought together. Above all, in France, that strong military
feeling which used to be predominant in that country, but
which for a time appeared to have been lulled to sleep, and had
given way to feelings of p,eacc—-—this military ardor has been
again called forth, and the sudden cessation of the war has not
permitted the passions which have been so kindled to be satis-
fied. (Heaizl France has now not only a powerful army, but
she is continuing to increase in efliciency a most powerful and
most tlireateuing fleet, which is by no means necessary for pur-
poses of self defence. France may safely rely upon her army,
but her powerful fleets must be to the other nations of the world
an object, not of self defence, but of aggression. I believe sin-
cerely that the Emperor of the French is desirous of maintain-
ing friendly relations with this country, and I earnestly hope
they may be maintained. But I say those friendly relations will
be imperiled it’. in order to guard against a possibility of an al-
teratiou of feeling on his own part or on that of his country,
we are obliged to make the almost superhuman efforts which we
are making, and must continue to make, for" the purpose of
keeping our navy in that state of warlike preparation which is
essential to the very existence of this country. I say we desire

to remain at peace, and that desire, I am sure, is shared in by

 .. :_'_'.L_'.'i ..

of‘ Charles, and corner of 16th street and Anenue B.

7 .

the present government; but the position of France at this mo-

' ment, with her powerful army, with a large and increasing navy,

and the military spirit awakened in the people, whatever may
be the personal objects and wishes of the Emperor, must endan-
ger the friendly relations which should exist between us, and
may lead to a war which must be fatal to the happiness and in:
terests of Europe. (Cheers)

I look With anxiety but with confidence to my countrymen,
that they will not suffer this or any other government to slacken
those efforts which are imperatively necessary to place this
country on a footing of perfect security. (Cheers.) However
much I may trust in the good feeling, the good Wishes and sound
policy of the Emperor of‘ the French. I echo the noble sentiment
uttered the other night by my illustrious and venerable friend
Lord Lyndhurst, that,whatever confidence I may have in others,
I will not consent to be dependent for the safety, honor, and
interests of this country on the (good will or forbearance of
France, or any other country in the world. iChcers.) Gentle-
men, earnestly desirous as I am for the preservation of peace, I
am satisfied that you go along with me in saying that it is the
first duty of this country to be thoroughly prepared for self de-
fence; that no false economy, no niggardly parsimony, must de-
prive her of the best and most earnest efforts to strengthen and
improve her national defences. .Cheers.) I am certain of this,
thatwhatever demands may be made, whatever sacrifices may
be asked for, by whosoever or whatsoever government these
sacrifices may be called for, or those demands may be made,
they will be cheerfully and cordially assented to, at all events,
by those whose boast it is to be the great conservative party of
this country. (Cheers.) I will not attempt to penetrate the-
political future, and say whether the horizon will assume the
aspect of peace or war. My noble friend has commented on
these topics with the thought and vigor which always distinguish
him. There are very different opinions held on these two great
subjects. There are some who believe that the principle of
peace will predominate, and will result in the multiplied indus-
try of man, and in the increased material prosperity of the peo-
ple. On the other hand, there are those who cannot forget that
the richest portions of Asia and Europe are in the possession of
decaying and almost defunct Powers——that the strongest posi-'
tions in the world are in possession of the smallest States. They
see at work those circumstances which produce the reconstruc-
tion of empires, and they cannot believe that such a result can
be brought about except by the arbitrament of the sword. But,
whether there be peace or war in coming years, it is equally
important that in this country we should encourage and support
the existence of a great constitutio al party—a party confident
in its principles. proud of its traditions, and courageous in its
national policy. If we are to have war, such a party to lead the
nationalspirit and marshall the national rescources is as impor-—
tant as fleets or armies. (Cheers) If, on the contrary, we have-
peace, and if the curiosity of a progressive age and a'progres-
sive country be directed to an examination of our institutions, I
need not remind you that the existence of such aparty is equally
necessary, and may be equally useful. But we must remember
that, when we have to deal with the constitution of an old Euro-
pean country, we are not like men who fashion the common-
wealths in a wilderness. We have to consider prescriptive-
rights, habitual influences. and all that complications of opiilion,
sentiment and prejudice which exists, and can exist there only,
in a community whose institutions are consecrated by custom.
(Cheers.) It is this reverence for ti-udition which makes this
ancient and free country in which we live shrink from empirical
and unnecessary change, and which makes our statesmen hesi-
tate to alter even to improve. If, then, peace is to prevail, and
the scrutiny of the nation to be turned to the revision of its in-
stitutions. what would beythe position of the country which had
not in it a great constitutional party? I am quite sure when
that hour arrives that there will be none among us who will not
disclaim all sympathy with the new idea that party government"
is out of fa-hion, and party principles no longer to be respected-
Our freedom and security depend upon the maintenance of party,
and what I would impress on those whom I have now the honor
to address is, that we should not regard this as an assemblage
mvrelyjto celebrate acasual sentiment, but as an occasion on
which to express our conviction that it is our duty as English-
men, each in his own sphere, to do all in our power to uphold
those principles and support the party which we believe are in-
dissolubly connected with the stability of our institutions-
(Cheers.)

A ‘BRAVE “VIvANnIERn.”—Madame Cros, a vivandiere of the
Foot Chasseurs, a pretty woman of twenty-two, and the wife of
one of the Chasseurs requested permission of her husband, who
was in the reserve, to follow the attack and assist the wounded
at Solferino. Taking with her her keg of branky, a canteen of
water, and a package of linen and lint, she went forward into
the thick of the fight, heedless of the bullets, and dressed the‘-
wounds of many of the men, and among them that of the Cent
Garde who was struck in the head when close to the Emperor.
A short time after she saw one of the Chasseurs lying on the
ground, wounded in the side. She stooped down to him and
gave him some water with a few drops of brandy in it. While
the man was drinking a ball broke her little finger, smashed the
glass, and killed the man. Madame Cros then proceeded to the
ambulance to have her Wound dressed, and while on the way
she saw a soldier named Riche, both of whose legs had been
perforated by a ball. Being wounded herself, she could not lift
the man up, but she adopted another expedient. She stooped
down and, telling him to clasp both his arms round her neck, in
that manner she managed to drag him to the ambulance. On
the following _day Madame Cross was told by the siirgeou that
her finger must -be amputated. ,“Well, then,” she said, “do it at
once,” and the operation was effected without her uttering 9.
word. Some rings on her middle finger, which were broken by
the ball, were afterwards presented to the Emperor, to whom the
courageous conduct of the cantiniere was related.

I” llll C JAMES .KsNnr.BY,

Importer and Wholesale and Retail Dealer in

Brandies, Wines, Gins, Irish 8! Scotch Whlskeisg...

LONDON and DUBLIN PORTERS and SCOTCH ALES,
of various brands.

Domestic Liquors of all kinds by the hogshead or barrel.
Cordials, Syrups and Segars.

 Goods delivered free of carriage to any part of Brook»

lyn,Williamsburg, or Jersey City.
Orders piinctually attended to and despatched at the shortest

notice

Places of business, 130 Eighth street. 682 Washington, corner
10-tf

fiaoolcs ant fljarurss.

 

JOHN Hnconnrv,
SADDLER AND HARNESS MAKER,_
133 Duane and 3 Marion st., New York.

Collars, &c., &c., always on hand. 7-3m

can cut (tape.

A_,\,-

WO0D’S HAT STORE.
Something of Vital Importance to the Irish"
American Residents of New York.

The best and cheapest Hat Store in the city is
WOOD’S HAT STORE, 410 Grand st., near Clinton.
Only jifst look at the prices:

Hats for $2 00 equal to any $3 00
U H 2  H H 3 

 

 

H N

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