THE PH (EN IX. VOL. II.——~.\'o. 22. NEW YORK, SATURDAY, APRIL 28, 1860. PRICE 4 Cnnrs. CONTENTS 017 THIS N0. EDITORIAL ——The Crowned Conspirators-The Land Bill-A_n American Grievance, A Native American Gr1evance—A1d for Ireland——The Popular Heart—An Exlle’s Loves and Longings--Home Scenes. . _ MISCELLAN. ons.—Europeau News—Irish News——Ir1sh Marriages and Deaths——-Agricultural Statistics of Ireland—Ame_r1can News Items— Another Case of Betrayal--Extraordinary Case of Amalgamation——Command ant MacEa: an--American Snobacracy—-Singular End of a Remarkable Life, &c. &c. Milli Y0llK 0SSI.lNlll SOCIETY. VOLS. III AND IV 01’ THE TRANSACTIONS OF The Dssianic Society, Have arrived per Galway steam-ship Circassian, and are now ready for delivery at The Phoenix Office to the members Wh°5e names were first forwarded to the Secretary of the‘ Parent 1 Society in Dublin. The Officers and Executive Committee of the New You Os- sIA.\Ic Socrsrx, beg leave to inform their patriotic fellow-coun- trymen in America, that in order the better to spread a more general knowledge of their mellifious Mother Tongue among“ their compatriots, they offer to members of the New York Os- sianic Society the following works : 0’Da.1y’s Munster Poets, SECOND SERIES, AT THE NOMINAL PPICE OI‘ EIGHTY (ITS, ‘ALSO, _T0 MEMBLRS OF THE Nu v YORK OSSI.-ANIG socrnrv. OQDALYS SlillF'l.llSTliUCll0I li-N IRISH; Without the Aid of a Teacher, Twenty Cts. The Ofiicers and Committee, furthermore, have arrangements in progress, the success of which would enable them to supply members of The Ossianic Society with any books relating to Ireland. which they may desire, at prices within the reach of the working-classes. The receipt of the various books, with their prices, will be announced in due time. EUROPEAN NEWS. In the House of Commons, March 31, the Income Tax bill passed, after some explanation on the part of the Chancellor of the Exchequer. The Stamp Duties bill was read a third time a’ d passed. ‘T he House shortly after adjourned. In the House of Lords, April 2, the Stamp Duties bill and the Income Tax bill were read a third time and passed. In the House of Commons, April 2. on the motion of Lord John Russell that upon Thursday after Easter, and until Whit- suntide, Government orders of the day have precedence of no- tices of motions. Sir J. Grey moved an amendment to add to the motion the words, “ and that notices of motion have precedence of order on Fridays.” After some discussion, it was carried by 150 to 126. Some further discussion ensued, and the Hons.» again di- vided npoll the original motion, as amended, which was carried by l425to 117. _ _ In reply to Mr. Hennessy, Lord John Russell said her Majesty had been advised to recogonize the recent acquisitions of the King 0f'Sardiuia as forming part of his dOmlr.~i0n'. , Q[,'l-f}«]‘\l\'r0vV\', T1lG?‘II?ly Morning April 3. Parli-rm: zit is ‘rttij-Il1{'lrl',l.l until _‘.f0=;duy, the =6th of April. Tho ’1'z'.m/=3 says: 'l‘hi.~= ,o_re.-it Uniwsr-itv boat lace came off on Saturilny, Maren 3-‘. wilth all its cu.n,cn1:1-y clal. After a St.‘ vere contest Cambridge won. rm: rrrmruornrixc rnrzurronr. 11, RT,-,, .1, -.;:..nm 31 ——-'I‘nis 2tll_l,‘I'il"l in d. wax'r~.uit was gruntwrl to appr..-hcnd l‘hom;=.s Sayers and John C. Ilcenan, in owle that thgy might; lm hound over to keep the peace. Pxnrs. ltfarcli 3l.——'I‘he election of I)opi1tl€-S in the provinces cla,i1ne(1 bv SNil.zerls.nrl have resulted in the return of five pur- tisans or"Fr;1ncc gnnl one of Switzerland. On 'l'hur.:¢1a,v, some pcrsors from Geneva made a menacing demousr-.\t.ion at Thonon, and hoistt d- the lwiss flag. A steam- er.with armrd pr-ople left on Friday for Thonon. The Pairie smtes that that Savoy-.nds. bring collected in some force on the sll0r‘t‘S of the Lake of Geneva, have ener- getically repulscd the 300 pf,-I'°.()llS from Goneva who had ar- rived in a steam-er wiih the intention of attacking Chablais and Fancigny. Puus, Sunday, April l.—Th° Moniteur says: “ The Government under ‘existing circumstances, considers it to be its duty to recall the following articles of‘ the Concor- dat, viz: that no bull‘, brief, rescript, mandate. provision, or other document from the Court of Rome, even regarding pri- vate persons. can be received. published, printed. or otherwise put itnto execution without the authorization of the Govern- men . . PARIS, April 2.—The Mmteur of to—day publishes the follow- mg. “NICE, Sunday evening.——Two battalions of‘ the second French regiments of the line have arrived here. and met with an enthusiastic reception by the population. who went to meet the troops. and strewed flowers on their passage.” All the houses were decorated with tri—color flags. The Paris correspondent to the Times says : Public opinion, in the finan- cial and commercial world, is greatly agitated by alternate hope and fear, in consequence of the uncertainty which prevails with respect to the future position of the ‘country. The Gov- ernment has made extraordinary efforts to restore confidence. but without success. Every commercial man admits the impor- tance of Lord J. Russell’s last speech on the annexation of Sa voy and Nice to France. FLORENCE. March 30.-—Prince Carignan, in his proclamation to the Tuscans, says : " The King understands the importance of his mission to unite your destinies with those of the various races who have elevated him to the national throne». I shall respond to the confidence of the King. whose firm resolution is to achieve your happiness to the full extent which your conduct has merited. NAPLE9, March 27,——No military movement has yet taken place. The King has granted "several commercial concessions to the inhabitants of Sicilv. and has decrevd the constru tiou of a network of public roads in the three Calabrian provinces. VIENNA, March 3l.—-—The Austrian Cabinet has resolved to protest solemnly against the annexation of Tuscany, Parma, and iflodena to Piedmont. The note of Austria recall that, by virtue of the treaty con- cluded in 1753 by the meditation of George II. King of Eng- land, and countersigned by him in his quality of head of the House of Este. the right of succession in the Modenese States was conferred, in case of the extinction of the male line, upon the third son of the Emperor Francis and Maria Theresa..whom it was designed to unite to the granddaughter of the Duke of Modena. . With respect to the Duchy of Parma and Piacenza, the treaty of the 10th June, l8l7. concluded between Austria, France, Great Britain, Prussia, Russia, and Sardinia, explicitly confirms in favor of Austria the rights of’ reversion stipulated by the treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle dated the 20th of May, 1815 These rights of reversion have received a fresh sanction by the treaty of Florence, COIlL'1ldPd 28'h of November, 1844 between the‘, Courts of Lucca, Modena. Tuscany, Sardinia. and Austria. 5 Thus. then. the King of Sardinia, in accepting the, annexati‘on,7 of the Italian Duchies, openly violates not only , the public,‘ treaties of l8l5 but also the treaties which he has signed as a! direct contracting party with Austria. Such a violation is so m-uch the more flagrant from having i been accomplished upon the morrow after the peace of Villa— , if.-anca and Zurich. of which the essential condition was the re- 2 ‘ storsition of the legitimate Princes. l_ Induced by all ‘hose motives. Austria protests in the most} peremptory manner against this most illegal annexation made by the King of Sflfdlllltt, and appeals to the conscience of all, Europe on the .j=~ct. lj To this end at the same time that this protest is forwarded , to Turin, a copy will be furnished to all the foreign Cabinets, , to Whom also a circular note is -idrlressetl by Austria in which j it is said “ that Austria. in confining herself at the present timol to protesting against the said annexation. hopes that FuI‘opl*l will recognize in this proceeding 2. most convincing proof of her moderation, and of-her desire to maintain the peace of the World.” . OP.«..\'lN(} or run sxanrxraw CHAMB‘R§—-THE! xr.\'G’s srnucu. Tunrx. April 2.-——}lis Majesty entered the hall of the Senate amid indescribable applause, and delivered the following s eech: P“ The last time I opened Parliament and the troubles of Italy and the dangers of the State. faith in divine justice en- couraged mo to augur well of our destinies. “ For such a benefit we are indebted to a magnanimous ally, to the valor of his and our soldiers, to the assistance of volun- teers. and to the per-severing concord of the people. “ The gratitude of present and future generations is due to France for the welfare of Italy, and for consolidating the union of the two nations, who have some community in origin, princi- ples and destinies. “ It was necessary to make some sacrifice, and I have made that which was dearest to myheart. Reserving the vote of the people and the approbation of Parliament, and reserving also. in regard to Switzerland, the_ guaranty of her international rights; I have concluded a treary for the reunion of Savoy and the surrounding territory of Nice with France. “ The provinces of’ Amelia have been arranged as in former times; but with Tussany, who has her own laws and her own rules. a special temporal provision was necessary. “For the first period of legislation you will only have to dis- cuss the most urgent measures, and my Ministers will prepare the projects upon which you will have to deliberate for the second period. “ In entering upon the new order of things, and without re- garding the old political parties in any other way than remem- ir-ring the services rendered. to the common cause, we call for a noble cooperation and the expression of every sincere opinion, in order to obtain our principal objcct—t‘~e welfare of the peo- ple and the greatness of the country, which is no longer the Italy of the Romans nor that of the Middle Ages. It must no more be left a field open to foreign ambition ; but it must, on the contrary, be the Italy of the Italians.” _ THE rnnxcu occurxrron or NICE. Nrm-. A pril l.—--"‘o—S on the 4th. The rebels were di.~persed. The Giornale de Rome of the 7th has the appointment of General L \M‘ vRlCIlCnE as Commander-in—Chief of the royal troops The ofiicial Giornalc of the Two Sicilies contains news up to the 5th instant, to the effect that the iusurr .:tion had been sup- pressed after an obstinate combat in the streets and houses The insurrection at Messina had not yet been suppressed. EUROPEAN MISCELLANEO US NEWS. THE: BRITISH ARMY ESTIMATES. evidence of this alleged verbal contract, except in the change of the terms of their correspondence, wherein Mr. Leslie invariably subscribed himself as her husband, and used the name and sub- scription of Catherine Leslie, and this they continued to do for 30 years, letters being interchanged between them at least week- lv. Mr. Leslie occasionally made remittances to her, although these were limited, in consequence of his circumstances being very embarrassed. The letters were peculiarly afl? ctionate and intimate. It was not till July, 1846, that Mr. Leslie was pre-‘ sented to the church and parish of Borthwick. when she earnest- ly entreated him to take her home as his wife. This be pro- fessed himself unable to do in consequence of his pecuniary cir- cumstances, his income being quite inadequate, after providing in some measure for the claims upon him. for the proper minin- tenance of a wife. Ultimately, in May, I856. the pressure of his debts. many of which were not very creditably incurred. and which amounted to between £7,000 and £8,000, led him to a resolution to flee the country. and he committed suicide in Lan- caster, it was understood. while on his way to America or Aus- tralia. The Lord Ordinary (Ardmillan) decided that no mar- riage had been proved, notwithstanding the acknowledgments in the correspondence. She reclaimed against this judgment, and the Court, on Friday, decided by a majority that the parties had been married according to the law of Scotland. which Lord Deas thus explained: “The leading principle is that consent makes marriage. No form or ceremony, civil. or religious, no‘ notice before nor publication after, no cohabitation, no writing, no witnesses even, are essential to the const.ituti'on of this, the most important contract which two private parties can enter in- to. whether as affecting their domestic arrangements or the pe- cuniary interests of themselves and their families. Matrimonial consent may be verbally and effectually interchanged when no third party is present; and ifit can be proved even at the dis- tance of years, by subsequent written acknowledgment or oath of reference, or in any other competent way, that such consent had been seriously and deliberately given, the parties will be held to have been married from that time forward, whether they have cohabited in the interval or not. Living together and be- ing in habit and repute husband and wife will, in like manner, constitute marriage, withomt inquiry whether the parties meant it or not. How MEN RISE IN THE FRENCH ARMY. Hoche was originally a stable boy; Lannes was the son of a laborer; Massena was at one time a cabin boy; Augereau was a 'costermonger’s son; Bernadette was the son of a brazier; Vlurat was the son of an iunkeeper; Junot was the son of a baker; Ney was for some time a notary’s clerk; Suchet was the son of a mercer; St. Eyr was the son ofa painter. It would be endless to go through the long list of great men who have risen ‘ Turs year there is an increase in the British army estimates of nearly two millions sterling, (say $l0,0o0_(_)oo_) the chief items of which Wlll go for warlike stoves by sea and land. There is: an addition of£‘96 783 for f'ortific:utions. The total amount‘ ed for is £1-1.842.275. for the support of the army of 143.362 men; for though the total’ numl-of of’ all ranks amounts to 235,- i 2, the difference between this and the former number Cnnsisls i of men in India, who are paid by the Indian Treasury. Out ofl the total sum to be raised. not more than £2,500 can find nsl, the sum reaches £4093 967. 1 some curious statistics are presented in detail connected with 1 the Eslilnaf-05» 'Ih11S- the lift‘ Guards cost £59 per annum each man, while an ordinary cavalry soldi» r costs only 37. Grenadier Guards cost £32 per man, while in other ll fantry regiments. the expenditure is £24 per man. The Stuff costs £3301-£3 per annum The Inspoction of the Foot Guards costs £1 125 annually. Last yrar, though there were no R flu Volun- teers. atd though this y+ or. there are from 60 000 to 70000 men, the votr: is reduced by £20 000. Of the Volunteer force. the Yuomanry number I4 000 and cost £47 000. while the Rifle Voluntci-rs cost only £20 000; and yet. while the Yeomnury are connuarativvly usel»s-, rhe Rifle Volunteers are adniitled to be efficicv t. The non-(vffi-Clive}-service costs £2134 623 Ofvibich the 160 Generals on the active list, but most of whom are unfit for service ‘aka the_ modest little sum of £7Fi.859.—Thc half‘ pay li-*, which is crowded with officers. who are nu-ilhcr rick nor dis- abled. amounts to nearly £500,000. £2ll_(),000 goes to nidows and wounded officers, by way of pensions. This enormous increase of‘ expenditure for war purposes may well set the Peace Society wondering whether the world is not losing, rather than gaining ground. A (URIOUS I-URGICAL CASE. A rare instance of a perv-ct recovery from a desperate wound was brought a few days ago under the notice of the Academy of Medicine by Dr. Larrey. who at the same time presented to that body an American, M. Preterre, to whose mechanical skill the attainment of‘ the full result was (us. At the battle of Ma- genla. a sergeant 01 the 85th of the line was struck by a musket ball which, after completely shattering the lowerjaw, came out‘ behind from under the skull, close to the cervical vertebra. which, had they been injured. would have rendered the case hopeless. It is hardly creditable that so extensive an injury. inflicted in such an important region of the human frame. co-.~ld have admitted of cure. and it reflects high credit on the army surgeons who attended him. To restore the power of mastiga- tion by mechanical means M. Preterre was called in, and issue ceeded in his ta k by an ingenious contrivance. which has been greatly admired bythe first surgeons in Paris. Such of our readers as the subject may interest will find an account of this contrivance in the Gezc/te des I1o.