. that country. THE PHCENIX. '1 .» Letter from John Mitchel. ’ PARIS, January 22, 1861. ._—g THE FORCE OF LOGIC. Lord John Russell, the Liberal Foreign Secretary of England, is not the. only pei‘son_Who lays_ down clear premises, but repudiates the plaiirconclusion. __ He will shortly be met in the London Pa_rliamen_t tPP°V‘d“d the English ministry do not throw.him over in the mean- time) with a challenge to admit the application of his principles to Ireland and to Ionia—to Ireland by means of the National Petition and its consequences—to the Ionian Islands by the appeal of M. Dandolo. But, in the meantime. Prussia is going to be subjected to another logical difficulty, very much of the same kind, and that in the following manner :— The Grand Duchy of Posen, formerly a part of Poland, but allotted to Prussia by the partition of that country. and confirmed to her by the treaties of Vienna, is still and for ever Polish, in race, language, and sentiment. It is also a Catholic country by a majority of about four to one ; but Prussia is a Protestant monarchy. _Needless to observe that the people of Posen are disaffected against Prussia, are obliged to submit to_ grievous in- justice in the matter of German training in the public schools, use of German language in the courts, and inso- Ieuce of German officials in all departments of govern- ment.‘ For manypyears, these Posen people have been demanding back some instalments of their ancient na- tional rights, and some recognition of their national feelings. In short, they are Poles, and desire to remain Poles : and the universal movement towards Nationality which stirs all the Slavic races has not failed also to reach the Duchy of Posen. Now, just at this same moment, the King of Prussia, backed by the whole German Confederation, is seized with a most passionate sympathy in favor’ of the Duchies _of Schleswig. Holstein, and Laueiiburg—-a part of the kingdom of Denmark- demauds of King Christian of Denmark that the Ger- mans in those duchies shall be restored to certain politi- cal rights; and threatens to hurl the whole federal army of Germany upon poor little Denmark, to enforce the demand. The Prussian Chambers, like the British Houses, are on the point of assembling; and I learn that certain deputies from Posen are to move in the Lower House an amendment t0 the 3357953. and t0 demand that the people of Posen shall enjoy, under King William the First, those very same ri hts'which the aforesaid William so patriotically requires at the hands of Denmark in favor of the German population of Of course, the Prussian government will not listen to those deputies, or their demand. any more than a. London parliament will attend to The 0‘Donoghue and his National Petition. King William will merely signify to the people of Posen that, if they thirik they are strong enough to enforce those national rights of theirs, they may come and take them; and, in the mean- time, he will “hang and shoot” them if they talk too loud. Such is now fully cstablished,amongst the “Great Powers.” as the definition and true meaning of all right—- “ That they should take who have the power, And those should keep who can!" This affair of Posen is inter-esting to us, not only as a. parallel case with our own, but also, and far more, as a new proof and illustration of that wondrous uprising of the Nationalities for assertion of their existence against Treaties of Vienna and Holy Alliances. Seems as if a whole crop of nations long buried, it was hoped, for ever, were awaiting the spring of this year to spring again from the earth, to bud and blossom, “ bravely to bourgeon and broadly to grow,” that the rights of manhood may have shelter and shade beneath their branches. Their case and their cause are ours, precisely ; our rights and claims are even as theirs; and they;-=like ourselves, anxiously 1ook.forward to an Eiiropeau war as to theirsole chance. reach 03 wan. Everybody “has confidence in a continuance of the blessings of peace_;” but every pcwer in Europe, without exception, is making great exertions to be_ ready for war by the first of March exactly. Some English newspapers have said that the British army is to be reduced; but this is not true, and has been promptly denied by the chief authority on military affairs. War seems imminent in all directicnsms well as in Italy. In truth,_Italy is not now, by any means, the most dangerous. point: for the Sardinian government has distinctly intimated that it will not only not attack Austria in Venetia, but will not suffer Garibaldi to do so. The ex-dictator is said to be willing to give up his battle-programme for the spring in compliance with Victor Emanuel s policy; so that the red’ shirts will probabl not appear next March either at Venice or at Rome. lu other words, Captera will not declare‘ war against Austria, Sardinia, and France, all at once. These pacific dispositions of Capi-er-a would be re- assuring for the peace of the world, but for certain other threatening appearances. The °‘.unification’? of Italy, as I have several times. ’ =au1‘mised, is meeting, and likely still to meet. very seri- ous difiiculties. The French fleet. iddeedihas Weighed anchor at Gaeta, and sailed away. Admual P €rS€1I10. the Sardinian, has taken its place with his squadron, and ~ was yesterday to open fire from the sea, while Cialdini, with his 1.5.0 guns, was to batt9.1' the 913.06 0.1.10.6 111.9176 0.11 the land side. King Francis has absolutely and defini- tively refused all conditions of surrender ; and the Turin , telegraph-workers, as also the Opinione, organ of Cavour, anticipate speedy reduction of the fortress. There go twp words to that story, however. Within the last few days Gaeta has been provided with prov.isio_ns and amu- nition for a long siege ; has offered to send 9.1578? 9-07 of his troops who wished to leave him; and; Out .°f m.0l'e tlian»:"eight thousand men, only one hundred and fifty, flu _ threp officers, have accepted his 0ffe1‘- 011. the probabilities of this desperate siege. Le Mom‘tou_r do l’Armee, a. very high authority, has some observations, from which I givean extract :- “The attack from the sea is practicable only by the roadstead, and by the left-hand entrance. That attack may not, perhaps, have so serious results as are generally believed. At that side the sea is very tempestuous until the middle of spring. The prevailing winds there, are the winds coming from the open sea, and while they are '-blowingno operation is possible. Then the line extend- ing‘ from the citadel to_ the post, is commanded ‘by formidable works, which in a conflict of artillery must have greatly the advantage over ships, whose fluctuating movement necessarily injures precision in firing. The fire of forts produces, on the other hand. most destruc- tive effects upon woodeii ships. The action of the Pied- montese squadron, through less than is expected with a view to attack, on account of the aforesaid considera- tions will probably be decisive by completely investing the place. It will intercept communications from with- out’ and force the t‘ortre’s,s, by famine, to capitulate at a period more or less remote. _ . Precisely so: and the _in_onth of March is coming on—a date at which the Sardinian forges. as many persons be‘ lieve, will be called to other duties. Even already, the army of Cialdini is much weakened by the necessity of detaching large bodies of troops to crush the reaction all over Naples. It is true the sanguine telegraph-workers of Turin have latelyhnnounced, that ‘ the reaction in .1 the Abruzzi is suppressed.” It is not true. On the con- trary, the Neapolitans have gained one considerable victory; and the Sardinian officers declare they cannot now march against them without being reinforced. Not only in the Abruzzi, but also in Terra de Lavora, Molisa, Capitavata, and farther, Calabria, the said reaction is carrying all before it ; and ten populous towns have thrown off Piedmontese authority. If Gaeta shall hold out, therefore, for three months, and if war should take place elsewhere, Trequiring King Victor Emaiiuel’s ut- most exertions elsewhere, King Francis the Second may yet recover his kingdom. And, if the people like to have him for king, why not? own people who drove him from his capital, but Gari- baldi, with bands of Hungarians and Piedniontese ; it is not his own people who are now besieging him in Gaeta. Every body knows, by this time, that, but for the Sar- dinian arm , he could very soon have quelled the emeuie raised by aribaldi. Well, whatever be the result in Southern Italy, I suppose we Irish will “accept” that result--as, indeed, the English also will: but, seeing that the English urgently desire to have King Francis swept into the see. without delay, and to see ad united Italy. whether Italy will or not, I presume that most good Irishnien will wish for the exact opposite. At least, that’s my own principle. I care little about Italy, or her destinies, save in so far as events there may serve or hurt our mortal enemy. Touching that King of Italy, and his possible but probleinatical kingdom, I observe that the Paris Jloniteur of yesterday, in its bulletin, uses these calculated express- sions—-that the Kingdom of Naples is still much disturb- ed; and that the Piedmontese Government is using great exertions to traiiquilize it. When the Emperor’-a official journal speaks thus, it is clear that he does not believe- that there is yet any Kingdom of Italy (notwithstanding the pretended universal suffrage)~nor that the King of Sardinia is King of Naples. The French policy of an Italian Confederation is probably the one which is des- tined to be realized: and already there are malignant rumors, invented mostly by English and Germans, to the effect that Louis Napoleon destines the Kingdom of Na- ples for a “French prince,’-’ namely Murat ; or ‘else that he intends at the last critical moment to give his hearty support to Victor Emanuel, but at the price of the island of Sardinia-—-but rumors, as I believe, wholly devoid of foundation. He will, probably, in good f 'th “ accept" —like the rest of us—-that solution which e population of Italy themselves will work out; always reserving the city of Rome, which is an exceptional case. But, even Italy is not the most dangerous ground, in this estimate of probabilities in favor of peace and war. Denmark concentrates 40,000 men on the Eiden, and de- fies all Germany; while the King of Prussia. seems bent upon fighting somebody, and is prompt to accept the com- mission of the German States to thrash the Danes. In Paris. there is a very general suspicion that the new King of Prussia is really desirous to try the fortune of arms (or, at least, the principles of his pamphlet) against France. For he is the author of an essay “ on the Art of beating the French army," an art which, he believes, he has brought to avery high degree of perfection in theory, Lest his pamphlet should be forg en. too, which is often the fate of admirable essays, he h published a new edi- tion of it. If there be no fighting on the Eiden next spring, both Dunes and Germans-will be disappointed. The Hungarian question, upon which so inany'otli"ers depend, is also becoming ripe. The Austrian govern- ment is willingto yield much, but not all; willing to give reforms, but not to capitul-ate entirely and acknow- ledge the Constitution of 748-or, in other words, to Re- peal the Union. That being the case, they propose on both sides to fight. Austrian troops are ordered into Hungary; and, most significant sign of all, Garibaldi, who may be disappointed, as I said, of his campaign in Venetia, seems to be turning all his thoughts to Hungary. On tne l§th_, General Turr, the Hungarian, came to Ca- pre ' present to the general a star offered, him by the “th and” who came with him into Sicily; and gave the star, with ii. short address, pledging the remnant of the immortal thousand to attend him at the first sum- mons. The general, in his reply, uses these words: “I count upon them, general, when I shall bring to your beautiful country the succor of your arms, asI have made oath to do. over the tomb of those brave Hungarians who died for Italy. This is a sacred duty for the Italians, and we shall know how to fulfil it.” I wish, heartily, the moment were come to redeem this promise. It would set General Garibaldi to his proper work, and end his writing of absurd letters. The ab- isurdest of all that he has yet penned -is the letter to a Glasgow committee.-——“ In this struggle, so far as it regards Italy, England is the representative of God: *' * *' May God bless the English people, who, while proudly guarding the liberty.of their own country, are always disposed to accord hospitality to misfortune, and have not hesitated to declare" themselves, from the first, on the side of the oppressed ‘against the oppreesor.” ——If England had ever done anything for Italy, one could understand and excuse this sort of language ; but seeing that she has never done anything in favor of Italy, and never even said anything until after Solferino ; and, seeing that Garibaldi’s blarney must only be with a view of inducing the English to take their part actively .for the future, and to assure them of gratitude for favors ,to come, I fear we must set the thing down as false flun. gkeyism. ~ ’ ‘ _ , As to the prospects of war and peace, however, not one of all these impending quarrels, in Italy, in Denmaik, or ,in Hungary, touches the English so nearly and so keenly as the affair of Syria ; to which I must again ask the at- tention of your readers. I sraza. Six thousand French troops are still in Beyront and the Lebannon. The severities which have beenexercised against the murdering Drnscs by Fuad Pacha, under the pressure of French influence, have still more exasperated that savage people, but also all the Mussulmaii popula- tions; and, if French protection be withdrawn, all the Maronites and other Christians must either emigrate or fall in indiscriminate massacre. Such is their own fears, and in France it is perfectly understood. Early next month, the six months pres-cri ed for French occupation will have expired: and the Emperor must either abandon the poor trembling crea.tures to‘ their certain fate, or else kee the troops in Syria, and probably reinforce them. ,Wit in these six months, however, French influence in Turkey has become very powerful, and Sir Henry Biil. wer, with the best will in the wor1d,flnds it hard to struggle against it: and if the Sultan, under that strong influence, should consent to a continued occupation by France, then the other Powers of Europe would nothave a word to say. But England looks with strange anxiety on this growing power of France in the East, which anxiety is rendered still more nervous by the fact that M. de Lesseps has been for three months in Egypt, with great bands of workmen, busily cutting his Suez Canal. The waters of the Red Sea and of the Mediterranean will actually be soon flowing into one another. Ezist India- men will pass and repass. The work of Diaz, and of Vasco de Gama, in discovering the way round Africa will be annulled ; and the Cape of Good Hope will be prac- tical-ly zm. discovered ‘_again. The Mediterranean ports will resume their importance, and Marseilles will be within two weeks of Bombay. Here is the trouble: hero ‘I Certainly, it was not his is the gnawing, devouring anxiety of commercialvlflngland at this day. Freedom of Italy, independenceof Denmark, emancipation of black men, general philanthropy, and progress, and Christianity—all are nothing to this. England does not forget, and she knows France does not forget, that a great part of Hindostan was French be- fore it was English. She remembers, too, with a shudder, how nearly the First-Napoleon came togetting possession of all Eastern routes through this-same Egypt; and has an uneasy instinct that the Third Napoleon is sent upon earth to complete his great predecessor’s plans, and that, if not this sacred mission, he has no mission, errand, or business on earth at all. No wonder our Anglo-Saxon brother feels alarmed : yet the situation is aditficult one. How is England to interfere with either of those two he- neficent operations in the East—-protection of Christian men from Pagan assassins—or the opening a new highway to the commerce of all nations? You are aware, that our Anglo-Saxon brother is Christian before all things- next, after that, commercial and civilizing. What can be more Cliristian than the protection of real baptized ltiaronites against absolute Pagans? What more civiliz- ing and commercial, more ameliorative and philanthro- pic, more thoroughly benevolent and almost Anglo- Saxon (if I may use so strong an expression) than the creating new channels of blessed commerce, and facilita- ting peaceful interchange of useful commodities? How will Great Britain answer it to the world at large, and to an enlightened century, if she now cry out, “ You must leave the Maronites’ throats to be cut—you must let the commerce of twenty nations go all round the weary and stormy Cape Voyage ; but what cannot be endured is thgit you should throw London ten days in arrear of Mar- seilles, a fortnight in arrear of Naples, for making the Eastern voyage.’-? The objection can really scarce be put in this shape; yet such is precisely-the meaning of it; and, what is worse, all manKi.nd‘»lrnows.the same. A15 jbis very point. t,h.cu—-I-on-this matter of French oc- cupation of Syria, French influence. in Turkey, and.‘ French canal through Suez (which three affairs are all one affair), it is believed by many prudent persons that the.Emperor will make a stand, and call a halt, in his course of conciliation and deference to the English. been soothed by the abolition of passports in their favor ; they have got many “ reassurances,” and gua.ran,tees of peace; they have even been flattered with the idea that fleet was ordered away from aeta: all these acts of de- ference and friendship may be pointed t'_('> hereafter, as so many roofs of the Emperor’s strong wish to be at peace with rigland (and that is his wish), but can they ask him seriously to give up a Christian nation to the sword in Syria? Can they expect him to interfere with the commercial enterprise of twenty thousand French share- holders, laboring to open up new highways of traffic? Why, they cannot do it. All the world would cry shame ; and the excellent King of Abyssinia. himself, Nigas Te- goussin, who is waiting for thatcanal to pour the wealth of Abyssinia into Europe, would feel himself an ill-used sovereign. Yet, it is a matter of vital consequence to England, and with another war, to get the French out of Syria and Egypt once more, as, by tremendous exertions, she did once before. Here comes round the very scene of Napoleon and the battle of the Pyramids——of Sidney ‘Smith, Nelson, and the Nile——same battle-ground, same contending Powers, but not, I trust, the same fortune. The wisdom of this Third Napoleon has got England clearly in the wrong, and placed himself conspicuously in the right. He will never have a- more auspicious moment to provoke the foes of his house to their last de- cisive conflict. But he will not declare war, nor intend or devise any harm against England ; he will only per- sist in doing good to his fellow—creatiires, and promoting civilization. England will declare war, and seek with all her might, and all the alliances that all the wealth she can borrow, can command, to ruin him, his dynasty, and his people. On her head, then, be the conse- quences. run ENEMY IN siciLY. M. Jourdan, a writer in the Siecle, and usually a strong partisan of the English alliance, and laudator of British institutions, has written a highly indignant article on the constant and generally underhand and treacherous methods pursued by the English in endeavoring to un- dermine and counteract French influence. and to raise up a hatred against the French name in all parts of the Vi orld. Amongst other things he affirms, on what autho- rity I know not-, that Sicily is now swarming with Eng- lish agents, whispering calumnies against France and persuading the Sicilians that their true interest lies in handing over their island to British protection. Of course, these fellows would be solemnly disavowed, if caught in the act ;. but the statement is the more likely, as it is well known the possession of Sicily has long been a darling object with Lord Palmerston. Nothing but substantial evidence would have moved an Alnglo.-maniac like Louis Jourdan to reveal this plot; and it is the more provoking as France certainly has no designs in regard to Sicily at all, save to help Sicilians,’ as well as - other Italians, to their independence and the government of their choice. THE -AFFAIR DE LASTEYRIR. A sharp altercation has been going on since the pub- lication of the foolish article, from which I sent you some .ext.re¢t8 upon. .I.rist.= a..tfsirg- De Lssteyrie had charged a c'er'tai'n ecclesiastic, writing in the 00:-respondem (l’Abbe Perraud), with apologizing for assassination in Ireland; because, he said, that extermination provoked acts of vengeance. M. Perraud addresses a letter to De Lasteyrie, calling on him to point out the passage he .had justified assassination (fgzit (‘apologies do Passassinat). De Lasteyrie refuses to insert it in the Revue dea Down Monde). M. Peri-and applies to the editor, who also re- fuses. M. Perraud sends them the letter by an .’.-uz'ssz'er to demand its publication, and to take ofiicial note of the refusal. Then, at last, seeing that an action for slander was impending, they consent to print M. Per- raud’s letter; but it is printed with an introduction b‘ M. dejlsasteyric before it, and a. long comment by M. de as- ;teyric after it. I would not now recur toallthis, except to notice the outrageous passion of hatred with which this Do Lasteyrie seems to he possessed against us and our cause. Father Pel‘l‘M1d, in his article on the Tenant- Bill, had cited cases, and had named landlords who, as landlord power in Ireland. Whereupoii De Lasteyrie says: “ And this is speaking oflreland--of a country where assassinations are frequent. It is, therefore, singularly imprudent to point out by name such or such a proprie- tor to the hatred cf the people.” ~ And again——- “Surely M. l’Abbe Perraud did not know, when he wrote these lines, that the majority of the neighoring landlords have had their fathers or their brothers assas- siuated." Father Pcrraud had cited the language of Mr. Smith O'Brien in condemnation of the clearance system, and spoken of him as a Protestant gentleman. And Liistey- rie, with the air of a man who reveals an incredibly shameful fact, exclaims: They have got a beautiful conimercial t_r_eaty: they have = it was in’ deference to their. remonstrauces the French ‘ all the world knows, have lately given examples of the - .deinned by an Irish jury for armed insurrection. H: l’Abbe Porraud is, doubtless, ignorant of- this fact: he is mistaken both as to the value of the facts, and as to the value of persons.” It appears, then, that Mr. 0’Bi-ieii is a ’person§upon W hom De Lasteyrie, for his part, sets very little value. We are "of a. different opinion in Ireland; where his authority, on a matter of fact, or his opinion on a matter of Eight andjustice, would be really held in some esti- ma ion. . I am glad to tell you, however, that M. de Lasteyrie is much censured. He has gone beyond what even the “liberal” school deem necessary in favor of England; and this is easily accounted for from his family connec- tions with Irish aristocracy. His wife is one of the Rohan-Chabot, related to the Duke of Leinster; and.I am informed, but will not assert, that he himself has, or expects to have, landed property in Ireland. If so, the man is, perhaps, acting very prudently ; for, if We happily effect a-revolution in that country, most un- donbtedly we will not suffer him or any of his friends to eject a townlaiid in winter—nor in summer neither, for.that niatter—to make room for his favorite cattle, which, he says, is the best popnlaton for our island. going on here in France does not draw out the English oracles. Neither about Irish freedom of the press, Irish packed juries, nor Irish exterminations, will they utter one word in reply to, or notice of, any French review, magazine, or newspaper. I would beg to complimeng the English press upon this rcticence. It is truly treat- ing.the subject in a masterly way, and if they once open their lips they will spoil all. They have _the less need to interfere, seeing that they have such zealous cham- pions among the French “liberals”-—a race of ‘crea- tures of whom France and the world_ are well nigh weary. J10 '}v§.-\f-*------—- ROCK’S HUE AND CRY. run BLACK Liar. _ CALLAGIIAN, Pu, Callan, County Kilkenny.——Five feet gsix in height, stout and squarely built—27 years of age, . Supposed to be in New‘Zealand. " Cancun, Ballynahinch, County Down.——Five feetseven in height, sixty years of age, lue eyes, gray hair‘,'and ginlg thin features. Suppose ‘to be prowling round e ast. ‘ ' DONOGHUE, DANIEL, Skibbereen, County Cork.——Five feet nine in height and well proportioned; twenty-four years of age, straight light brown hair, and scanty heard of the same color on the chin only. ‘ SULLIVAN, DANIEL, “ Goula,” Bonanc, Kenmare, Co. Kerry.——Five feet eight inches in height, and slightly stooped, twenty-five years of age, black hair and slightly curled, regular prepossessing features with the exception of a low wrinkled forehead, and large bushy brown whiskers. Supposed to be in Australia. PI-KEN IX SPECIAL NOTICES. SUBSCRIPTIONS TO THE PHCENIX. Patrick Gliun, per J H Mann, Brownsville, N B, . . .1 0C- Wm Rcany, 207 Myrtle avenue, Brooklyn, . . . . . . . .1 00 J Burke, Valley Falls, RI. 00 J L Waters, Williamsburg, ............. ....1 00 DByrrie, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............100 Rev Edward 0’Flaherty, Crawfordsville, for a club, 2 00 Philip Coyiic, St Louis, M0, for himself and brother,-2 50 Rev Michael L Scanlon, Beaver Meadows, Penn, . . .2 00 MURCH, mu I-IATTER. A rhymer muse, who knows not song, Nor does he essay to flatter, Your aid invokes to help along In praise of March the batter. And though my lines, in pith and point, Be sure to flag; no matter, The words cannot the theme disjoint, So famed is Murch the batter. For hue and shape his hats are praised,--Tl When others fade and tatter, With crowns far down, ;or cone-like shaped, When March is not the batter. Though wind may blow with sleet and snow, And bail and rain may patter, Yet winter’s snow and summer’s glow Are matched by Murch the hatter. ,‘ The lawyer and_leech leave pill and brief, The hard, and‘chief’, and pastor, For head-gear neat to give relief, Seek Charley Murch the hatter. At the Mincio, and by the Po, Where warriors’ swords did clatter ; There no chapeau could stand a- blow Like those of March the batter. If you would choose a hat for use, Which no abuse could batter, Your cash you’ll lose if you refuse To deal with March the hatter. Though states rebel and banks deplete, And envious rivals chatter ; Yet merit will hergreward meet, Anil_so will Murch the batter. d22 3m WHOLESALE AGENTS FOR run SALE or‘ run . PHOENIX. H. DEXTER & Co., 113 Nassau street, N. Y. Ross & Tousnv, 121 Nassau street, N. Y. HAMILTON 65 J ouvsox, 20 An.u street, N. Y. OKIE, Darrow & J oxns, 29 Ann street, N. Y. The PII(ENIK is for sale at the following places: J OEIN MORAN, Biddeiord, Maine. M. H. BIRD, 297 Western Row, bet.7th and 8th sts., Oin- cinnati, 0. WM, CONNELLY, corner of Chatham and Mott sts., N. Y P. J. DOOLEY, 152 River street, Troy, N Y BERNARD DOLEN, Castleton, Vt. R. COBURN, 118 and 120 Tchoupetoulas street and 162 Pcydras street, N. 0., La. 0. E. DUFFY, Bookseller and Stationer, 568 7th street, Washington, D. C “ That Protestant was Mr. Smith O‘Brien, 3 man con-l Ci.ii«'rcN it Toniznv, St. Louis, Mo. Is it not curious that, even still, all this controversy '