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Title
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Bovine growth hormone (somatotropin): Agricultural and regulatory issues
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Date
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1986
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Summary
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Several U.S. companies plan to introduce a new product to the dairy industry called bovine growth hormone (bGH), or bovine somatotropin (BST). When injected into dairy cows in test herds, this product has stimulated large increases in milk output without corresponding increases in production costs. However, BST, which must gain Food and Drug Administration approval before it can be offered commercially, has raised a number of controversial questions among lawmakers, who are concerned about its impact on an already burdensome U.S. milk supply, on the structure and conduct of dairy farming, and on consumer safety, among other things.
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Title
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Changes in the rate of child poverty: Possible implications for Chapter 1, Education Consolidation and Improvement Act
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Date
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1986
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Summary
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Between 1979 and 1983, the propotion of children aged 5-17 in the United States who were in poverty families rose from 15.3 percent to 21.3 percent, falling to 20.3 percent in 1984. This report examines the possible implications of this trend for the Federal program of compensatory education for educationally disadvantaged children under chapter 1, Education Consolidation and Improvement Act. Specific topics discussed include the correlation of poverty and educational disadvantage, the specific effects of poverty concentration and duration on educational achievement, and a comparison of trends in chapter 1 participation with those in the number of poverty children.
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Title
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Comparison of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (PL 89-329), as amended and H.R. 3700, the Higher Education Amendments of 1985, as.. ...: passed by the House (December 4, 1985); and S. 1965, the Higher Education Amendments of 1986, as passed by the Senate (June 3, 1986)
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Date
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1986
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Summary
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This paper provides a title-by-title comparison and contrast of major current law provisions of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (PL 89-329), as amended, with thos of the reauthorizing legislation as passed by the House on December 4, 1985 and by the Senate on June 3, 1986: HR 3700, the Higher Education Amendments of 1985 and S. 1965, the Higher Education Amendments of 1986. After the Senate passed S. 1965, the House passed S. 1965 amended with the language of H.R. 3700 as passed by the House. Those who have contributed to this report want to express their appreciation to Nan Hill for her exceptional editorial skills and perseverance in preparing this report.
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Title
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Federal executive, legislative, and judicial compensation: The situation and choices as the 100th Congress convenes
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Date
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1986
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Summary
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This report discusses compensation for high-level Federal officials including the Vice President, Cabinet and sub-cabinet officers, agency heads, Members of Congress, and the Federal judiciary. It sets forth arguments for and against the substantial increases recommended by the special 1986 Commission on Executive, Legislative, and Judicial Salaries as well as the President's pay recommendations submitted in his FY88 Budget Message (see Appendix for these) and presents factors that enter into determining an appropriate and adequate pay for these officers of the Government.
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Title
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Nicaragua: Selected figures and facts on foreign trade and U.S. trade sanctions
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Date
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1986
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Summary
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This report presents the most recent available statistical data on the United States' trade with Nicaragua and Nicaragua's overall foreign trade. It contains a survey of trade sanctions imposed by the United States against Nicaragua, and a listing of articles of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade that are most relevant to the imposition of trade sanctions.
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Title
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Laws implicated by shipments of military materials to Iran
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Date
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1986
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Summary
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Laws Implicated By Shipments of Military Materials to Iran, Raymond J. Celada, Senior Specialist. November 20, 1986, revised November 24, 1986. Covert shipments of war materials to Iran raise issues concerning the wisdom of Administration policies and the legality of the shipments and the procedures followed in making them. This report deals with the legal issues and highlights the following authorities as being immediately implicated: the Arms Export Control Act, the Foreign Assistance Act, the Export Administration Act, the National Security Act, the Hostage Act, and potentially various funding and expenditure regulations.
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Title
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Special supplemental food program for women, infants and children (WIC): Description, history and data
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Date
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1986
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Summary
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The special supplemental food program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC) provides monthly food supplements to low-income pregnant and postpartum women, and infants and children who are determined to be at health risk because of nutrition-related problems. Created in 1972, this food program was designed to blend the nutritious benefits of food with health care during critical times of growth and development. This report describes the program and its history and evolution. It also provides current and historical data on funding and participation.
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Title
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Interest deductibility after the Tax Reform Act of 1986
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Date
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1986
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Summary
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This report briefly describes the limits placed by the Tax Reform Act of 1986 on the deductibility of interest by individuals. It includes the categories of business interest, consumer interest, home mortgage interest, investment interest, interest on activities subject to the passive loss limits, and interest on rental real estate in which the taxpayer actively participates.
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Title
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Housing requirements in rural areas
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Date
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1986
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Summary
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Federal housing policy for rural areas is now at a crossroads. Since 1949 more than two million rural families have received benefits through housing programs of the Farmers Home Administration (FmHA) and about 700,000 through the deep-subsidy programs of the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). Early in 1985 the Reagan Administration proposed that additional aid under these programs be suspended for two years, after which all subsidized housing in rural areas would be provided by HUD. While Congress has not yet concurred in these proposed changes, deep cutbacks in proggram levels are expected in the process of reducing the Federal budget deficit. In this transition period, legislators and community groups are going back to the drawing board and asking basic questions about rural housing needs and programs. The questions include the following: (1) What kinds of housing difficulties face low and moderate income families in rural areas? (2) Is there a chronic credit gap for housing in rural areas? (3) What is the connection between the problems of the farm economy and housing problems in rural areas? (4) Are the Federal and State programs now in place able to deal effectively with these problems? (5) Are additional or alternative measures--private as well as public--called for?
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