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Title
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Title III of the Higher Education Act: FY 1986 budget proposal
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Date
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1985
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Summary
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This paper reviews the current structure of the programs authorized by title III of the Higher Education Act and the structural changes proposed for this title in the FY 1986 budget. Title III programs currently provide funds to institutions of higher education for development projects designed to improve academic and financial management capabilities. The Administration proposes in its FY 1986 budget to eliminate two of the current programs and focus funding on endowment building. The proposed FY 1986 appropriation level of $141,208,000 is the same as the FY 195 appropriation level.
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Title
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Gross national product and basic manufacturing industries in the United States: Comparative analysis of growth rates, 1950-1982
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Date
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1984
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Summary
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This report analyzes and compares trends in the growth of real GNP and real output in manufacturing and basic manufacturing in the Unites States between 1950 and 1982. As a corollary, the report also looks at trends in the real output growth of six basic manufacturing industries in the same period: primary metals, motor vehicles and equipment, textile mill products, paper and allied products, chemicals and allied products, and rubber and miscellaneous plastic products. The results indicate, among other things, that (1) manufacturing is not in imminent danger of disappearing, as some proponents of the "deindustrialization" thesis seem to believe, (2) since the mid-1970s, basic manufacturing at once is contributing less and less to national income and continues to be greatly influenced by changes in national income, and (3) it can be misleading to treat all basic American manufacturing industries as though they constitute a homogeneous sector facing the same competitive challenges and commercial opportunities.
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Title
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An examination of farm commodity promotion programs
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Date
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1985
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Summary
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Representatives of a number of commodity groups have asked Congress in recent years for statutory authority to establish national generic promotion programs for their products. A key feature is a mandatory assessment paid by all producers to support such activities. Federal legislation has authorized nine such national promotion programs, and lawmakers now are considering whether to create new initiatives for beef, pork, and watermelons. Critics believe that such programs represent unwarranted Government interference, pit one commodity group against another for limited consumer dollars, and lack adequate evidence of success. Proponents, on the other hand, contend that the programs do work, cost the Federal Government virtually nothing, and benefit producers and consumers alike. This report discusses programs that have already been enacted by Congress and examines their records to date.
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Title
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Liability insurance issues: Editorial commentary
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Date
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1986
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Summary
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The rising cost and reduced availability of liability insurance in recent years has been a concern for business, government, and consumers. This Editorial Commentary looks at such liability insurance areas as products liability, malpractice, local government liability, and other forms of liability insurance. The Editorial Commentary is divided into two sections. The first contains an introductory news article on liability insurance and a chart showing what States have been doing about this problem. The second includes editorials selected from newspapers from all regions of the United States. This section is arranged in reverse chronological order.
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Title
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Historic preservation program: Structure, history and congressional policies
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Date
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1987
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Summary
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This report reviews the current historic preservation partnership between the Federal/State/local government sectors, and the private sector; the partnership evolution from 1906 through 1976; the historic preservation legislation of the 95th through 99th Congresses; the congressional jurisdiction for historical preservation in the 100th Congress; and historic preservation issues which may be debated in the 100th Congress.
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Title
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Smokeless tobacco: Health concerns spark advertising and labeling controversy
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Date
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1986
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Summary
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Prompted by growing concerns about the health effects associated with smokeless tobacco products - both chewing tobacco and snuff - several bills are being considered by the 99th Congress which are designed to warn consumers about the dangerous health consequences of such products and discourage their consumption. This report provides background information on these products, including usage, their advertising and promotion, and health concerns. It also discusses legislative proposals which include labeling requirements, advertising bans and restrictions, tax measures, and public education efforts.
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Title
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Corporate ownership of banks and savings institutions and interstate banking: Selected listings
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Date
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1984
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Summary
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Financial developments in the 1980s have resulted in new ownership arrangements for depository financial institutions as well as new forms of interstate deposit-taking arrangements. Considerable interest exists in the pervasiveness of these arrangements. This report provides selected lists of corporate ownership of depository financial institutions and interstate banking in order to suggest the extent to which various forms of innovations have occurred and the firms involved; the listings are not necessarily comprehensive.
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Title
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Federal funding for education services for undocumented alien children
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Date
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1983
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Summary
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This paper describes the program under which funds were made available in the 98th Congress for the education of immigrant children, including the undocumented, as well as other federally funded education programs for alien children. Concerns in the area of education of aliens, including the availability of data on the undocumented, are discussed.
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Title
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The educational attainment of select groups of "at risk" children and youth
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Date
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1987
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Summary
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This paper focuses on three select groups of children and youth who appear to be "at risk" for depressed educational attainment - those from single-parent families, those from persistently poor families, and those who give birth during their teenage years. It addresses three basic questions: (1) Are these groups of children and youth at risk of depressed educational attainment? (2) How might these characteristics lead to depressed educational attainment? (3) What implications does the current research have for examining Federal responses to the educational needs of these children and youth?
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Title
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Indoor air pollution: A brief review of regulatory and research issues
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Date
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1987
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Summary
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Research and regulatory issues associated with problems of indoor air pollution are reviewed briefly. Sources and estimated health effects of the mor e common indoor air pollutants are summarized in three tables. Regulatory responsibility for indoor air pollution is diffuse and often unclearly defined.
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Title
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Transportation for elderly and handicapped people: Programs, regulations, and issues
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Date
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1985
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Summary
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The Federal Government aids transportation-disabled people by providing communities with financial assistance to establish or operate special transportation programs for elderly and handicapped people, and by regulating public transportation services to ensure accessibility by handicapped people. This report reviews the principal financial assistance programs and the most recent report reviews the principal concerning accessibility. It also discusses some current issues related to transportation of elderly and handicapped people.
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