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Title
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The 1985 farm bill: A comparison of ombibus proposals
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Date
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1985
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Summary
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Lawmakers are now considering legislation to replace the Agriculture and Food Act of 1981 (P.L. 97-98), which expires in 1985. This comprehensive law governs the farm price and income support programs for milk, wheat, feed grains, and other major commodities and also authorizes several important domestic and foreign food assistance programs, agricultural research and conservation, and other activities important to the food and farm sector. This report compares omnibus proposals introduced in the 99th Congress.
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Title
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Life care communities: Description and current issues
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Date
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1985
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Summary
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Life care communities are designed for elderly persons and provide housing, nursing home care, and a range of services, usually for the remainder of the resident's life. This paper describes life care communities, discusses some demographic characteristics of life care residents, and summarizes financial arrangements and pricing policies used by life care providers. It also discusses problems that have risen in some life care communities, and Federal and State legislative and other Federal activities related to life care communities.
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Title
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The farm credit system: Formation, capitalization, and structure
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Date
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1985
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Summary
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The Farm Credit System was established during the period 1916-1933 to meet the unique credit needs of agricultural producers, and to address the financial problems they faced during the deteriorating agricultural economic situation of the 1920s and early 1930s. This paper reviews the structure of the Farm Credit System; the legislation that established it; the System's initial capitalization by the Federal Government and subsequent steps that led to private ownership; and the current status of the System's revolving funds held by the U.S. Treasury.
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Title
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Teacher supply and demand
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Date
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1985
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Summary
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Only national estimates are available concerning teacher supply and demand. The unknown factor is whether or not the supply of teachers will be sufficient to meet the future demand resulting from projected increases in school enrollments. In the school reform movement, States have taken various actions to improve their teaching force, but Federal actions have been limited.
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Title
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Federal aid for the education of disadvantaged children: Analysis of proposals to provide aid in the form of vouchers
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Date
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1985
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Summary
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Proposals to authorize Federal aid for the education of disadvantaged children in the form of vouchers have been made in the past by the Reagan Administration and others, and Secretary of Education William Bennett has recently been attracting new attention to the concept. This paper provides background on the voucher concept, an analysis of existing proposals, and pro/con arguments regarding vouchers for the education of the disadvantaged.
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Title
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Magnet schools assistance: Federal aid to desegregating school districts
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Date
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1985
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Summary
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This paper provides an overview of the provisions, the background and legislative history, and current status of the new Magnet Schools Assistance program. This program will support magnet schools (those offering a special curriculum to attract voluntarily students from different racial backgrounds) in desegregating school districts. Current issues affecting the program include debate over a prohibition against using any of its funds for magnet school courses the substance of which is "secular humanism," and unsuccessful efforts by the Reagan Administration to rescind its FY 1985 funding.
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Title
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Interest rates on consumer and commercial loans: Why the difference?
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Date
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1985
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Summary
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This paper, using the period from May 1982 to May 1983 as a case study, will examine the reasons for the inflexibility of rates charged by banks on consumer loans relative to rates charged by banks on business loans. The first half of the paper will attempt to establish the differences, and the reasons for such differences, in changes between consumer loan rates and commercial loan charges. The second half of the paper will analyze the reasons for these differences in light of bank yields on outstanding loans to consumers and businesses from 1966 through 1983. Finally, current data will be examined from the point of view of the conclusions reached in the report.
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