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JM-192: Nope!
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Summary
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This cartoon shows President Woodrow Wilson boarding a train. Uncle Sam is attempting to also board the train, but it seems he does not have a reservation. The bag President Wilson is carrying is titled, “League Covenant”. This bag most likely refers to President Wilson’s ambition to form the League of Nations, an collection of nations working together to create international unity. The League of Nations existed from 1920 to 1946. The United States never officially joined the League of Nations, because congress feared its membership would limit the United States’ national sovereignty. At the time, many Americans suggested joining the League of Nations would not benefit the United States. However, there was also a population of Americans, including Woodrow Wilson, who believed The League of Nations’ efforts towards international peace would offer great benefits to the United States. (Summary created by Mary Delano, MU History Intern, Spring 2018)
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JM-215: Three scenes pertaining to the political barometer in the United States, China, and Russia in 1922
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Editorial cartoon depicting political sentiments set in three different countries. In the top panel, centered in the United States, a group of men stand around a political barometer debating why the nomination of Republican, turned progressive, and then again Republican, Albert J. Beveridge for senator occurred. In the middle panel, centered on China, General Wu chases General Chang south while one of the injured warriors lies on the ground and says that Wu is hell. General Wu may refer to General Wu Pei-Fu, who was a warlord in China, mostly in the northern and central regions; he was rumored to be dead by General Chang in the Sacramento Union paper in May 1922. The bottom panel, centering on Russia, shows Uncle Sam sitting next to a representative of the Kerensky Government while Soviet Russia looks on and claims not to be related. Soviet Russia is the period of Russia after the tsar lost power in 1917 and before the creation of the Soviet Union in 1922; the government in this interim period was at first led by Prime Minister Prince Georgy Lvov and Minister of Justice Aleksandr Kerensky, but Lenin returned to Russia in 1917 and began to work on regaining his political supporters, which resulted in Kerensky and Lenin vying for power and support later in the interim period.
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JM-188: New members of the club
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This cartoon depicts many issues leading to political discourse during the late 1910s in the United States. The old sources of political discourse such as “prohibition issue”, “he kept us out of war issue”, and “tariff issue” have been displaced by the overgrown and overwhelming new issues. The “prohibition issue” refers to the question of whether alcohol should be a legal substance in the United States. The “he kept us out of war issue” refers to the fact that, despite his promise, the United States entered World War I under President Wilson. The “tariff issue” refers to what goods (if any) should have a tariff placed on them to protect the economic interests of the United States. The new issues overtaking the room were a relatively new source of political conflict. The “league amendments issue” refers to the United States entering the League of Nations. If the United States had joined the League of Nations, it would have to surrender some of its national sovereignty, which made it an unacceptable option to many politicians. The “cost of living” was a relatively new issue in the United States. It refers to the unusually high cost of necessary items, while many worker’s wages remained low by comparison. The “daylight savings issue” refers to the issue of whether the United States should continue to use daylight savings time. The United States had adopted daylight savings time in 1918. Many countries adopted daylight savings during World War I as a way to lower the need to use coal. The transition to daylight savings time had been problematic, and many in the United States thought it should be abandoned. (Summary created by Mary Delano, MU History Intern, Spring 2018)
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