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Title
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Interest deductibility after the Tax Reform Act of 1986
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Date
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1986
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Summary
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This report briefly describes the limits placed by the Tax Reform Act of 1986 on the deductibility of interest by individuals. It includes the categories of business interest, consumer interest, home mortgage interest, investment interest, interest on activities subject to the passive loss limits, and interest on rental real estate in which the taxpayer actively participates.
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Title
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Housing requirements in rural areas
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Date
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1986
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Summary
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Federal housing policy for rural areas is now at a crossroads. Since 1949 more than two million rural families have received benefits through housing programs of the Farmers Home Administration (FmHA) and about 700,000 through the deep-subsidy programs of the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). Early in 1985 the Reagan Administration proposed that additional aid under these programs be suspended for two years, after which all subsidized housing in rural areas would be provided by HUD. While Congress has not yet concurred in these proposed changes, deep cutbacks in proggram levels are expected in the process of reducing the Federal budget deficit. In this transition period, legislators and community groups are going back to the drawing board and asking basic questions about rural housing needs and programs. The questions include the following: (1) What kinds of housing difficulties face low and moderate income families in rural areas? (2) Is there a chronic credit gap for housing in rural areas? (3) What is the connection between the problems of the farm economy and housing problems in rural areas? (4) Are the Federal and State programs now in place able to deal effectively with these problems? (5) Are additional or alternative measures--private as well as public--called for?
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Title
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U.S. military satellites and survivability
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Date
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1986
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Summary
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This paper describes satellite survivability measures in general. It then provides separate write-ups on each generic type of U.S. military satellite system, including national security. Each write-up states the current situation, with regard to satellites in orbit, and future plans, emphasizing survivability measures.
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Title
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Work incentives in the SSI program
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Date
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1984
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Summary
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Before 1980, when a disabled person's counted income exceeded the substantial gainful activity (SGA) level, his Supplemental Security Income (SSI) benefits were ended. This caused the loss of Medicaid benefits too in many States. Critics argued that the low SGA amount created a disincentive to work. The Social Security Disability Amendments of 1980, P.L. 96-265, allowed disabled SSI recipients who worked and earned more than the SGA amount to receive a special SSI benefit and thereby remain eligible for Medicaid. The 1980 amendments included a number of provisions designed to encourage disabled recipients to attempt to return to work. This paper analyzes the current rules on work-related earnings and also examines past policies.
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Title
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Acid rain: Editorial commentary
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Date
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1986
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Summary
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This Editorial Commentary focuses on national concerns with acid rain. It also contains materials on the recent joint report of the Special Envoys on Acid Rain -- Drew Lewis representing the United States and William Davis, Canada. It includes an overview article and selected newspaper editorials from U.S. regional newspapers. It covers the period from September 1, 1985 through January 18, 1986.
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Title
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Treatment of state-local taxes and tax-exempt bonds under tax reform proposals: Effects on the state-local sector
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Date
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1985
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Summary
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This report compares the potential economic effects of several tax reform and deficit reduction proposals on the State-local sector, through their treatment of deductibility of State-local taxes from Federal taxable income and the exemption of interest on State-local bonds. The proposals considered are the Treasury, Kemp-Kasten, Bradley-Gephardt, DeConcini, and Quayle tax reform plans, and the floor and ceiling deductibility proposals for deficit reduction. Among the more important conclusions are that these proposals would differ in their potential effects on the State-local sector's own tax revenues and the distribution of the sector's revenue losses across States. Also, the effect on the State-local bond market from the Treasury, Bradley-Gephardt, and Kemp-Kasten proposals would differ from the effect of the DeConcini and Quayle proposals.
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Title
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Agriculture and the Gramm-Rudman-Hollings Deficit Control Act
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Date
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1986
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Summary
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The Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985, also known as Gramm-Rudman-Hollings, subjects agriculture to the same budget reductions as other non-exempt programs ordered. However, due to the unique nature of the agriculture budget, special provisions were included on how to achieve those cuts in farm spending. This report discusses this new law with regard to agriculture programs. An updated version of this report will be issued when the U.S. Department of Agriculture announces how it will implement the across-the-board reductions.
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Title
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Analysis and critique of National Organization for Raw Materials' (NORM) proposed National Economic Stability Act (NESA)
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Date
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1985
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Summary
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The purpose of this report is to explain, analyze, and critique the National Economic Stability Act proposed by the National Organization of Ray Materials (N.O.R.M.). N.O.R.M. believes that most of today's economic problems, such as high rates of bankruptcy, the negative balance of trade, unemployment, and spiraling public and private debt, are related to our Nation's treatment of agriculture and other raw material producers over a long period of time. When raw material prices are cheap, below "full honest parity," rural America is short of buying power, and urban businesses are unable to operate at full capacity without the economy going into debt. N.O.R.M. proposes replacing existing farm programs with a law prohibiting the sale of certain basic agricultural commodities at less than their parity price.
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Title
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Airport relocation: Some economic effects, implications for the washington, d.c., metropolitan area
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Date
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1984
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Summary
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The transfer of air carrier service between airports in the same community is generally thought to have adverse economic effects on the airport losing service. This report briefly examines experience with airport relocation in four communities. Further, this experience is related to prospects for air carrier activity relocation in the Washington, D.C., Metropolitan Area.*
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