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Title
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Jobs and the economic recovery: How have industries, regions, and workers fared?
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Date
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1985
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Summary
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After nearly three years of economic expansion, there has been widespread failure across manufacturing industries and regions to fully recoup their precession employment levels. Even if each manufacturing industry eventually recovers all its jobs losses in the same regions in which the lay offs occurred -- a very unlikely assumption -- dislocated workers probably will be unable to await their recall by former employers; instead, they will have to take new jobs in different industries, occupations, or areas. While the greater availability of jobs since the recovery began has enabled a majority of dislocated workers to be reemployed, dislocated workers today represent about 1 out of every 10 employed workers.
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Title
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Hold the phone: The federal excise tax on telephone service; a history and discussion of issues
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Date
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1984
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Summary
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In April 1984 the House of Representatives passed the Tax Reform Act of 1984 (H.R. 4170) and the Senate its Deficit Reduction Act of 1984 (an amendment to H.R. 2163, a bill to amend the Federal Boat Safety Act of 1971), both of which provide for the continuation of the excise tax on telephone service at its 3-percent rate for an additional two years, through 1987. This action was deemed appropriate by congress in light of the large existing budgetary deficits. This paper presents an overall view of the Federal excise tax on telephone service. A description of the history of this tax and revenue collections are followed by an explanation to clarify the relationship of this tax to the U.S. actions in Vietnam during the 1960s and 1970s. Finally, this paper concludes with the principal arguments made by proponents for continuation of the tax and the opponents of the tax who support repeal.
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Title
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Budget documents primer
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Date
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1984
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Summary
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The primer describes basic budget documents, providing notes on content, usual date of issue, distribution, and availability at the Library of Congress.
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Title
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The federal deposit insurance system: Legislative proposals for change
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Date
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1986
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Summary
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Legislative proposals introduced int he 99th Congress through June 26, 1986 affecting the Federal deposit insurance funds are the subject of this report. This review is an updated and revised version of CRS Report No. 86-646 E, issued in April 1986. It supplements CRS Report No. 85-209 E, which gives a more detailed economic analysis of many of the recent proposals for change.
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Title
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Recent judicial expansions of tort law in the area of environmental pollution
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Date
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1986
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Summary
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This report assesses whether increased losses of liability insurers may be due in part to expanded tort-law interpretations in the field of environmental pollution. It concludes that there has indeed been such an expansion in recent decades, but numerous other factors may also be contributing to the claimed liability insurance crisis.
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Title
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The homeless: Overview of the problem and the federal response
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Date
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1984
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Summary
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Homelessness is not a new problem in many large American cities, but the issue recently has become more visible and has caught the attention of Federal officials and lawmakers. This report provides an overview of the problem and discusses existing Government efforts and pending legislation.
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Title
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In vitro fertilization and human embryo transfer: Current status and issues
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Date
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1985
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Summary
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The techniques used in In Virtro Fertilization (IVF) have expanded significantly since the birth in 1978 of the first so-called "test-tube" baby. Technical advances, such as the use of a freezing technique known as cryopreservation and the application of drugs to stimulate the maturation of multiple ova during a woman's menstrual cycle, have contributed to improved successful pregnancy rates and also to wider uses of IVF as a means of treating infertility. This paper describes the techniques currently being used in this area of reproduction and also presents some of the problems associated with the uses of these techniques.
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Title
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Internships and fellowships: Congressional, federal, and other work experience opportunities
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Date
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[1986]
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Summary
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To assist congressional offices in responding to requests for information about internships, fellowships, and other work experience programs, CRS has prepared this report on congressional internships, other Federal Government internships, and congressional, judicial, and Presidential fellowships. Detailed information on additional programs is outside the report's scope. However, an annotated bibliography lists further sources of information on internships, fellowships, and summer jobs. The publications listed can be used to locate additional work experience opportunities, both inside and outside the Federal Government.
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Title
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Federal efforts to improve america's teaching force
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Date
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1985
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Summary
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The current interest in reform of public elementary and secondary schools has resulted in renewed attention being focused on pre-service and in-service training for elementary and secondary school teachers. This paper reviews past and current Federal programs providing such assistance and summarizes current program options.
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Title
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Federal housing administration: An examination of proposed program changes
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Date
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1986
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Summary
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In its Fiscal Year 1987 Budget the Administration has proposed several changes to FHA's basic unsubsidized single-family housing program -- the program authorized under Section 203 (b) of the National Housing Act of 1934. This report examines the impact on potential moderate-income homebuyers and on the solvency of the Mutual mortgage Insurance Fund of the proposal to (1) increase the one-time mortgage insurance premium to 5 percent of the mortgage, (2) require that the premium be paid in cash, and (3) limit eligibility in the FHA program to applicants earning $40,000 or less.
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Title
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Federal tax provisions relating to the production and consumption of alcohol fuels
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Date
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1984
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Summary
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This report is an outline of those provisions of the Federal tax code which provide incentives for the production, sale, and consumption of alcohol fuels. To promote the production and use of alcohol fuels, under present Federal tax law there is an exemption from the gasoline excise taxes, three types of income tax credits (the blender's fuel credit, the alternative fuel production credit, and the business investment tax credit), and an exemption on interest income on industrial development bonds.
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Title
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Vocational education and proposals for trade competitiveness
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Date
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1987
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Summary
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The inclusion of vocational education as a component in some of the recent legislative initiatives related to American trade competitiveness is analyzed. The proposals are described, and sponsors' statements summarized. The history of vocational education, studies of its effectiveness, and its role in current recommendations to reform the American educational system are reviewed as they might relate to current trade problems.
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