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Carbon dioxide, the greenhouse effect, and climate
Title
Carbon dioxide, the greenhouse effect, and climate: A primer
Date
1984
Summary
The report summarizes the present state of knowledge with respect to research and assessment of carbon dioxide effects, articulating the areas of emerging consensus and continuing disagreement, and focusing attention on the crucial uncertainties. Key scientific, technical, and social issues of contemporary carbon dioxide/climate debate are identified, and the implications and options for dealing with the possible effects of carbon dioxide-induced climatic change are outlined.
Statutes authorizing sanctions against countries supporting international terrorism
Title
Statutes authorizing sanctions against countries supporting international terrorism
Date
1986
Summary
This report identifies federal statutes that impose or may be used to impose sanctions on countries found to be supporting international terrorism. Two types of statutes are included: (1) those in which Congress has chosen to make certain prohibitions come into play once a nation has been identified as a country supporting international terrorism and (2) those broader delegated authorities that might be used by the President to impose sanctions against such countries but that are not limited to such use. While there may be additional statutes that may be relevant to the situation in question, the report lists what appear to be major sources of authority in this area.
Tax reform act of 1986 (P.L. 99-514)
Title
Tax reform act of 1986 (P.L. 99-514): Comparison of new with prior tax law
Date
1987
Summary
The Tax Reform Act of 1986 (P.L. 99-514) was signed into law on October 22, 1986. This report provides a brief chronology of the Act, a summary of the major changes in individual and business taxation, and a side-by-side comparison of the major individual and business tax provisions of the Act as they compare to prior law. The report also includes an extensive listing of CRS products that treat many issues relating to the Tax Reform Act of 1986 in greater detail.
Regulation of mortgage broker industry
Title
Regulation of mortgage broker industry
Date
1987
Summary
Mortgage brokers seem to be largely uncovered by comprehensive regulation, either state or federal. Some states have recently made some efforts at regulation; some federal agencies have certain authority that impacts upon the industry; and the industry itself is said to have engaged in certain self-policing activities.
Economic growth and changing labor markets
Title
Economic growth and changing labor markets: Those left behind
Date
1983
Summary
Specific groups in the Nation's work force experience employment difficulties even in good economic times. The Labor Section of the Economics Division in the Congressional Research Service in analyzing labor market problems of these groups which include youth, women, older workers, adult nonwhites, Hispanics, and dislocated workers. This overview report summarizes the principal labor market characteristics and problems of these groups. A separate report focusing on dislocated workers is available and individual reports on other groups are in preparation.
Family responsibility laws
Title
Family responsibility laws
Date
1985
Summary and analysis of the education amendments of 1984, p.l. 98-511
Title
Summary and analysis of the education amendments of 1984, p.l. 98-511
Date
1984
Summary
The Education Amendments of 1984 extends and amends a variety of Federal education programs and would establish other new Federal education activities. This paper provides a summary and analysis of these amendments including provisions regarding the adult education, bilingual education, impact aid, women's educational equity, Indian education, emergency immigrant education, and higher education student financial assistance programs.
Outdoor advertising control along federal-aid highways
Title
Outdoor advertising control along federal-aid highways
Date
1986
Summary
The original legislation created a Federal program to control advertising along federally funded highways was enacted in 1958, but major restructuring occurred in 1965 trhough enactment of Highway Beautification act. Current proposals now before Congress, if enacted, may remove some of the obstacles which have slowed the removal of billboards along Federal-aid highways. This report reviews the Federal program for controlling outdoor advertising along Federal-aid highways: the status of the current program, its evolution, and proposed amendments.
Proposed federal linked deposit program to assist small businesses
Title
Proposed federal linked deposit program to assist small businesses: An economic analysis
Date
1985
Summary
It has been suggested that a Federal program of credit assistance, modeled after Ohio's Linked Deposit Program, be established to assist small businesses. This report describes the operation of the Ohio Linked Deposit Program, presents cases for and against the proposal, and provides an overall evaluation of the proposal.
Interjurisdictional fisheries management
Title
Interjurisdictional fisheries management: Issues and options
Date
1985
The 55-MPH national speed limit
Title
The 55-MPH national speed limit
Date
1986
Summary
The national automotive speed limit of 55 MPH was enacted in 1974 as an energy saving measure and was kept in place when highway fatalities dropped sharply upon its implementation. A recent NAS study endorsed the speed limit generally, but suggested that it might be modified on rural portions of interstate highways. Legislation is pending in Congress that would allow the States to raise the limit on rural interstates; President Reagan has now endorsed this concept.
Legislative history of 1986 restriction on United States military involvement in Nicaragua
Title
Legislative history of 1986 restriction on United States military involvement in Nicaragua
Date
1986
Summary
This report sets forth the legislative history of the prohibition on the use of United States military advisers and combat troops within Nicaragua. Enacted as part of the military construction title of this year's continuing resolution, Pub. L. No. 99-500, which also authorized lethal and humanitarian assistance to the Nicaraguan Democratic Resistance, or Contras, the provision represents a legislative attempt to clarify United States policy on the matter and ensure effective adherence to Administration statements that United States troops will not be so introduced.
Congressional and state legislative redistricting and reapportionment
Title
Congressional and state legislative redistricting and reapportionment
Date
1985
Concentration in the U.S. daily newspaper industry
Title
Concentration in the U.S. daily newspaper industry: Trends and issues
Date
1984
Summary
This report discusses concentration in the daily newspaper industry. More specifically, section I examines various ways national concentration in the industry might be defined and measured. Sections II and III discuss the trends in group ownership and the number of U.S. cities with competing dailies. Section IV looks at some Federal laws and regulations that affect concentration in the industry. Finally, section V presents some concluding observations.
Brief overview of cable television law
Title
A brief overview of cable television law
Date
1984
Background information on equal access statute
Title
Background information on equal access statute
Date
1984
Comparison of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (PL 89-329), as amended and H.R. 3700, the Higher Education Amendments of 1985, as.. ...
Title
Comparison of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (PL 89-329), as amended and H.R. 3700, the Higher Education Amendments of 1985, as.. ...: passed by the House (December 4, 1985); and S. 1965, the Higher Education Amendments of 1986, as passed by the Senate (June 3, 1986)
Date
1986
Summary
This paper provides a title-by-title comparison and contrast of major current law provisions of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (PL 89-329), as amended, with thos of the reauthorizing legislation as passed by the House on December 4, 1985 and by the Senate on June 3, 1986: HR 3700, the Higher Education Amendments of 1985 and S. 1965, the Higher Education Amendments of 1986. After the Senate passed S. 1965, the House passed S. 1965 amended with the language of H.R. 3700 as passed by the House. Those who have contributed to this report want to express their appreciation to Nan Hill for her exceptional editorial skills and perseverance in preparing this report.
Federal spending for education
Title
Federal spending for education: Tables and figures portraying the president's 1986 budget plan (1985-1990) in the context of the past 20 years
Date
1985
Summary
This report portrays and discusses Federal spending for education programs in the context of a 26-year span: the past 20 years of actual experience (1965-1984) and the spending plan for the next six years proposed in the President's 1986 budget. In addition to the 26-year review, various measures such as spending in constant dollars, as a percent of the gross national product (GNP), as a percent of total Federal budget and annual and cumulative change analyses are produced to provide context and perspective.
Federal policy for the education of the gifted and talented
Title
Federal policy for the education of the gifted and talented
Date
1984
Summary
This paper provides background information and a discussion of the issues relating to Federal policy for the education of gifted and talented children since the late 1960s.
Minority ownership of broadcast facilities
Title
Minority ownership of broadcast facilities: A summary of federal communications commission's policies and rules
Date
1987
Summary
In James Steele vs. FCC, 770 F. 2d 1192 (D.C. Circ. 1985), which involved the award of a broadcast license to a woman using in part a preference system that allowed the Commission to award the license despite the existence of a competing application from a more broadcast-experienced male, a Federal appeals court in a two-to-one ruling in August 1985, struck down preferences for women in awarding FCC licenses. This report reviews the event that led to the FCC's original decision to implement a minority preference system in awarding broadcast licenses, and summarizes chronologically FCC policies and rules that have been implemented since then to increase minority ownership. An assessment of the effects such policies and rules have had on minority broadcast ownership is also provided. This is followed by a discussion of congressional reaction to the FCC's position on preferences and legislative initiatives that have been introduced to date in support of diversifying ownership of broadcast facilities.

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