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Title: Head Start issues in FY 1986: Funding, administration, and recnet evaluations
Date: 1986

Title: Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation: Recapitalization and alternatives
Date: 1986
Summary: Among the problems in the U.S. financial system which the 100th Congress will be called on to consider is the financial condition of the Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation (FSLIC), the Federal deposit insurance agency for most of the Nation's savings institutions. The number of failed savings institutions has strained the financial resources of the FSLIC. A major issue of immediate importance is how the FSLIC will meet its financial requirements to enable it to deal effectively with savings institutions now known to be in difficulty.

Title: Drug abuse prevention and control: Budget authority for federal programs, FY 1986 - FY 1988
Date: 1987
Summary: The President's budget for fiscal year 1988 asks for a total of $3 billion for Federal programs to prevent or control the use of narcotics and other dangerous drugs. In the form of a table, this CRS report shows budget authority (BA) requested, by agency, as compared with actual BA for FY 1986 and estimated BA for FY 1987. In the case of FY 1987, increased amounts authorized by the Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1986 are also indicated, as are appropriations made pursuant to the Act under a separate title of the omnibus appropriations statute for that year, P.L. 99-571. A separate column shows the FY87 budget as proposed to be revised.

Title: Federal spending for education: Tables and figures portraying the president's 1986 budget plan (1985-1990) in the context of the past 20 years
Date: 1985
Summary: This report portrays and discusses Federal spending for education programs in the context of a 26-year span: the past 20 years of actual experience (1965-1984) and the spending plan for the next six years proposed in the President's 1986 budget. In addition to the 26-year review, various measures such as spending in constant dollars, as a percent of the gross national product (GNP), as a percent of total Federal budget and annual and cumulative change analyses are produced to provide context and perspective.

Title: Graduate programs in higher education Title IX of the Higher Education Act: Summary, issues, and options
Date: 1985
Summary: Title IX of the Higher Education Act authorizes funding for graduate education. Institutional grants are authorized for fellowships and program improvement. National graduate fellowships are authorized in the arts, humanities, and social sciences. Programs are authorized to encourage under-represented groups to enter law schools and to encourage law school clinical programs.

Title: Federal policy for the education of the gifted and talented
Date: 1984
Summary: This paper provides background information and a discussion of the issues relating to Federal policy for the education of gifted and talented children since the late 1960s.

Title: Fifty state survey regarding guardianship for retarded children
Date: 1985

Title: Mediasat: The use of remote-sensing satellites by news agencies
Date: 1987
Summary: Some members of the news media are interested in the possible use of a remote sensing satellite system for news gathering, referred to here as Mediasat. The technology is available to build and operate it, but it is not clear whether there is sufficient demand to finance a Mediasat system. This paper addresses issues relating to Mediasat, including: national security limits on sensor technology, international reaction to Mediasat, and existing legislation on private remote sensing satellites. Currently, the Unites States has a limit on the resolution of sensors that can fly on civilian satellites. If the media wants to fly higher resolution sensors, they may have to challenge these national security restrictions. However, if the United States does not develop higher resolution satellites, some fear that other countries will, causing the United states to lose its lead in civilian remote sensing satellite technology. The Land Remote-Sensing Commercialization Act of 1984 designated the Department of Commerce as the licensor of new remote sensing satellites, and reinforces the role of the Deparment of Defense in overseeing national security interests in the licensing process. There is some concern that the Department of Commerce or Defense might invoke national security limitations when they were not necessary, thus restricting the freedom of the press. Other countries could react negatively to the publication of more detailed remote sensing images of their countries. Although there have been proposals for an international system to operate an advanced remote sensing or reconnaissance satellite for peaceful purposes, these proposals have not proceeded.

Title: National teachers' examination: Background and issues
Date: 1985
Summary: This paper provides background information on the current proposals that would require all new teachers to pass a national teacher competency test before becoming eligible for internship or certification. In addition to providing an overview of the current proposals, brief discussions are provided about the various problems and experiences with testing programs of other professions such as law, medicine, nursing, and professional engineers. Current teacher examination practices among the States are summarized, and alternative responses for professional organizations and teacher education institutions are explored. The last sections of this paper address procedural questions, potential impact, and Federal options.

Title: Nicaragua: Selected figures and facts on foreign trade and U.S. trade sanctions
Date: 1986
Summary: This report presents the most recent available statistical data on the United States' trade with Nicaragua and Nicaragua's overall foreign trade. It contains a survey of trade sanctions imposed by the United States against Nicaragua, and a listing of articles of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade that are most relevant to the imposition of trade sanctions.

Title: National minimum drinking age: Provisions and analysis
Date: 1984
Summary: The National Minimum Drinking Age (NMDA) law reqiures that States not in the compliance with the 21-minimum-age-law by fiscal year 1987 face a loss of a portion of their Federal-aid highway funds. The report discusses the provisions and sanction effects.

Title: Medicare, Medicaid, and maternal and child health programs: An overview of major legislation enacted from 1980 through 1986: Background paper prepared for the use of the members of the Committee on Finance
Date: 1987
Summary: This report traces the major Medicare amendments which have effected hospitals, physicians, and beneficiaries since 1980. It also reviews the major Medicaid amendments affecting Federal financial participation in the program, coverage of pregnant mothers and children, as well as those amendments designed to give States increased flexibility in administering their programs. Lastly, the report describes the consolidation of Federal health service programs for mothers and children under a new block grant authority.

Title: Minimun wage: Selected references, 1978-1987
Date: 1987
Summary: The Federal minimum wage under the Fair Labor Standards Act was last increased on January 1, 1981, to its current level of $3.35 per hour. Early in the 100th Congress, considerable interest has been expressed in re-examining the level and structure of the Federal minimum wage. Congress may use the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the adoption of the Fair Labor Standards Act (1938-1988) to subject the statute to significant oversight. This selected bibliography cites works on the issue of minimum wage.

Title: Most-favored-nation treatment of foreign trading partners by the United States: A summary
Date: 1987
Summary: "Most-favored-nation" (MFN) status entitles the country to which it has been granted to the same advantages that have been extended by granting country to any other country; MFN treatment, consequently, means in fact: nondiscriminatory, equal treatment. The United States extends the MFN treatment in foreign trade to all countries except to most Communist countries. Generally, MFN status can be granted by the United States to Communist country only if the latter's emigration policy is substantially nonrestrictive. Under this procedure, in effect since 1975, MFN status has been extended to Romania, Hungary, and China, which together with the earlier Communist MFN beneficiaries, Poland and Yugoslavia, are the only Communist countries to which the United States accords the MFN status.

Title: Minority ownership of broadcast facilities: A summary of federal communications commission's policies and rules
Date: 1987
Summary: In James Steele vs. FCC, 770 F. 2d 1192 (D.C. Circ. 1985), which involved the award of a broadcast license to a woman using in part a preference system that allowed the Commission to award the license despite the existence of a competing application from a more broadcast-experienced male, a Federal appeals court in a two-to-one ruling in August 1985, struck down preferences for women in awarding FCC licenses. This report reviews the event that led to the FCC's original decision to implement a minority preference system in awarding broadcast licenses, and summarizes chronologically FCC policies and rules that have been implemented since then to increase minority ownership. An assessment of the effects such policies and rules have had on minority broadcast ownership is also provided. This is followed by a discussion of congressional reaction to the FCC's position on preferences and legislative initiatives that have been introduced to date in support of diversifying ownership of broadcast facilities.