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Title: JM-058: The "Hobo" test
Summary: Editorial cartoon depicting a line of men walking to the Salvation Army Lodging House. Upon seeing a sign that claims all applicants need to bathe at the Municipal Bath House, many of the men turn back.

Title: JM-165: The great temperance worker
Summary: This cartoon shows personified World War I separating countries from their chains to alcohol. The man with the decree on separation is a representation of Russia, who legalized prohibition from 1914 until 1925. The man to his right, holding a separation for absinthe, is a personified France, which banned the manufacture and sale of absinthe in 1914. The man chained to whiskey seeking freedom is representative of Great Britain, who never ratified any serious form of a national alcohol ban. There are many theories as to why these countries (including the United States from 1920-1933) banned the sale or manufacture of alcohol in some way. The cartoon suggests these bans were caused by what many referred to as the "efficiency campaign," which was depicted as the axe used to separate alcohol from these countries. The efficiency campaign suggested these countries were more productive when its citizens (especially laborers) were sober. After banning the sale of alcohol in Russia, the government proudly announced Russia's increased labor output and better economic standing. The heightened need for resources, and diminished labor force from World War I is thought to have inspired the need for higher economic efficiency in European nations. (Summary created by Mary Delano, MU History Intern, Spring 2018)

Title: JM-C016: The wrong girl [3]
Summary: Editorial cartoon depicting a woman standing on a stage near a podium, speaking to a crowd of women sitting both on and off of the stage.

Title: JM-195: Bolshevism
Summary: This cartoon illustrates an imaged development of Bolshevism after the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia in 1917. The Bolshevik Revolution was the event in which Vladimir Lenin and his supporters overthrew Czar Nicholas II of Russia. Lenin sought to turn Russia into a communist state run by the proletariat masses, the workers. The first panel is captioned, “Bolshevism Allies in the rear”. The panel shows a people plagued by unrest and the spirit of revolt with the red army (the new Russian government) in the background. The second panel is captioned, “The advance from Moscow”. This panel shows the red army leaving Moscow. The bottom panel is captioned, “Awakened”. This panel shows a man sitting in shock as one of the Bolsheviks passes through his front gate. Notice the papers in the left corner of the bottom panel. These papers indicate that the new Bolshevik government is crumbling under it own weight. These papers clearly contradict the Bolshevik’s appearance at the man’s front gate. This cartoon is an example of the fear of communism caused by the first Red Scare, which began in 1917 and lasted until the early 1920s. Many Americans feared that communists would cause unrest in the United States to cause another workers’ revolution. While many historians debate the rationality of these fears, it is agreed that Americans had a deep-seated suspicion of communism during the the early 1920s. (Summary created by Mary Delano, MU History Intern, Spring 2018)

Title: JM-210: Some angles of the threatened railway strike
Summary: Editorial cartoon split in to three panels, each one showing a possible consequence of the impending railroad strike. In the top panel, Uncle Same driving a truck labeled "U.S. Business Conditions" and a truck labeled "Winter" stopped on the road by detour signs with the railroad strike causing the disruption and need for a detour. In the middle panel, a man representing the United States is in bed sick and resting while the doctor tells him he should be fine as long as no complications set in; running towards the house is a boy with a newspaper proclaiming the railroad strike. In the bottom panel, striking railroad workers stand around a train which is carrying relief for workers suffering from armament competitions.

Title: JM-285: We hope his judgement is as poor today as it was then
Summary: Editorial cartoon depicting a weeping man. Another man holds up a sign dated 1929 and reminds him that he has said it was here to stay before and was wrong.

Title: JM-118: The Last Day of Winter. 118
Summary: Editorial cartoon depicting Chicago handing a hat to old man winter, sitting in a chair made of ice.

Title: JM-270: The inquiring reporter

Title: JM-010: Why the dividend was cut
Summary: Editorial cartoon depicting labor workers demanding that the business cuts dividends in return for the workers' wages being cut.

Title: JM-222: Have you ever had this happen to you?. 222
Summary: Editorial cartoon depicting people walking across the street, only to have other cars drive into their path.

Title: JM-228: All aboard the grand experiment. 228
Summary: Editorial cartoon depicting Robert M. La Follette Sr. trying to get people to hop on his bandwagon along with Discontent, Labor, and New York Socialists.

Title: JM-137: 1912 Presidential Election. 137
Summary: This cartoon illustrates the events that occured in the presidential election of 1912. The top left panel shows former president, Theodore Roosevelt, obviously beating Taft in the primary elections. This reflected the fact that most voters at the time preferred Theodore Roosevelt to President Taft for reelection. The top right panel shows President Taft winning the primary election, because Roosevelt has been tackled by the credentials committee. The credentials committee was responsible for determining, which men were eligible to vote in the primary elections of 1912. The middle panel shows nominations for the Republican primary. The nomination of the left is for former President Theodore Roosevelt. The nomination on the right is for Charles Evans Hughes, former governor of New York. The bottom panel shows the race continuing, and a group of men sitting in a room. (Summary created by Mary Delano, MU History Intern, Spring 2018)

Title: JM-290: Death's new favorite
Summary: Editorial cartoon depicting "Speed Mania" totals up more deaths than wars.

Title: JM-081: One of the little father's busy days
Summary: Editorial cartoon depicting a czar staying inside of walls and being surrounded by guards for every moment of his daily activities, such as eating, reading a paper, taking a phone call, etc.

Title: JM-128: Shake hands with my friend, Canadian Reciprocity. 128
Summary: Editorial cartoon depicting William Howard Taft encouraging a free trade accord between the Midwest and Canada.

Title: JM-108: If this weather continues, all the girls at the Charity Ball will wish they had worn the Russian costume
Summary: Editorial cartoon depicting a group of women in national costumes standing in a space filled with icicles. They all look at the woman wearing the Russian costume.

Title: JM-145: The Senate passes a parcels post bill. 145
Summary: This cartoon shows the US Senate passing the Post Office Appropriation Bill of 1912. The most controversial part of this legislation was the parcels post provision being held up in the comic. This provision divided the country into zones, which would be used to determine postage prices in the US. The provision was introduced by Senator Jonathan Bourne of Oregon to create uniform postage prices within specific areas of the United States. Senator Joseph Bristow of Kansas originally objected to the provision, claiming the price proposals of postage were too low to sustain. Eventually, the senators reached a compromise and the bill was passed with the maximum postage rate of 12 cents per first pound shipped within the total of eight zones created. This bill was thought to be beneficial to small businesses, regularized and lowering costs in specific zones. This bill was not well received by many within the US, particularly with some big business, as represented by the four large men in the top of the cartoon. One of these men reference former Senator Thomas Platt, an infamous political boss for the Republican party. The comment shows a shift occurring within Congress from conservative to more progressive policies during the 1910s. This shift is seen by the man commenting, “Darn those daily moosepapers”. This comment is most likely a reference to the progressive policies of President Theodore Roosevelt, who founded the Bull-Moose party in 1912. (Summary created by Mary Delano, MU History Intern, Spring 2018)

Title: JM-038: Hindered progress when horses are different houses
Summary: Editorial cartoon depicting the president and Uncle Sam appearing happy when both horses pulling their carriage along are Republican, signifying a Republican Senate and House. When the Senate is a Democrat horse, the carriage is at a standstill and both the president and Uncle Sam both have annoyed, unhappy expressions on their faces.

Title: JM-231: A New Sign at the White House. 231
Summary: Editorial cartoon depicting Calvin Coolidge cleaning house in the aftermath of the Harding administration.

Title: JM-146: The troubles of Turkey. 146
Summary: This cartoon shows the defeat of the Ottoman Empire in two separate conflicts. The top panel, shows the Ottomans surrendering the province of Tripolitania after Italy captured it in the Italo-Turkish War. The Italo-Turkish War occurred from September 29, 1911, to October 18, 1912. The bottom panel shows the Ottoman’s final defeat at Khanhadjigogo in the First Balkan War. The First Balkan War occurred from October of 1912 to May of 1913, and was fought between the Ottoman Empire and the Balkan League. The Balkan League was a collection of the states of Greece, Bulgaria, Serbia and Montenegro. The Balkan League was formed to increase military strength, and to promote the mutual interest of all four nations. The Balkan League had seen the Italo-Turkish War had weakened the Ottoman Empire, and quickly attacked to take advantage of their position. (Summary created by Mary Delano, MU History Intern, Spring 2018)

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