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Leadership in Educational Administration Development Act of 1984
Title
Leadership in Educational Administration Development Act of 1984: A summary of provisions
Date
1984
Summary
This paper summarizes the provisions of the Leadership in Educational Administration Development Act of 1984. The program authorized by this Act would fund technical assistance centers in each State to enhance the leadership skills of elementary and secondary school administrators, such as principals.
Mediasat
Title
Mediasat: The use of remote-sensing satellites by news agencies
Date
1987
Summary
Some members of the news media are interested in the possible use of a remote sensing satellite system for news gathering, referred to here as Mediasat. The technology is available to build and operate it, but it is not clear whether there is sufficient demand to finance a Mediasat system. This paper addresses issues relating to Mediasat, including: national security limits on sensor technology, international reaction to Mediasat, and existing legislation on private remote sensing satellites. Currently, the Unites States has a limit on the resolution of sensors that can fly on civilian satellites. If the media wants to fly higher resolution sensors, they may have to challenge these national security restrictions. However, if the United States does not develop higher resolution satellites, some fear that other countries will, causing the United states to lose its lead in civilian remote sensing satellite technology. The Land Remote-Sensing Commercialization Act of 1984 designated the Department of Commerce as the licensor of new remote sensing satellites, and reinforces the role of the Deparment of Defense in overseeing national security interests in the licensing process. There is some concern that the Department of Commerce or Defense might invoke national security limitations when they were not necessary, thus restricting the freedom of the press. Other countries could react negatively to the publication of more detailed remote sensing images of their countries. Although there have been proposals for an international system to operate an advanced remote sensing or reconnaissance satellite for peaceful purposes, these proposals have not proceeded.
National teachers' examination
Title
National teachers' examination: Background and issues
Date
1985
Summary
This paper provides background information on the current proposals that would require all new teachers to pass a national teacher competency test before becoming eligible for internship or certification. In addition to providing an overview of the current proposals, brief discussions are provided about the various problems and experiences with testing programs of other professions such as law, medicine, nursing, and professional engineers. Current teacher examination practices among the States are summarized, and alternative responses for professional organizations and teacher education institutions are explored. The last sections of this paper address procedural questions, potential impact, and Federal options.
Nicaragua
Title
Nicaragua: Selected figures and facts on foreign trade and U.S. trade sanctions
Date
1986
Summary
This report presents the most recent available statistical data on the United States' trade with Nicaragua and Nicaragua's overall foreign trade. It contains a survey of trade sanctions imposed by the United States against Nicaragua, and a listing of articles of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade that are most relevant to the imposition of trade sanctions.
National minimum drinking age
Title
National minimum drinking age: Provisions and analysis
Date
1984
Summary
The National Minimum Drinking Age (NMDA) law reqiures that States not in the compliance with the 21-minimum-age-law by fiscal year 1987 face a loss of a portion of their Federal-aid highway funds. The report discusses the provisions and sanction effects.
Medicare, Medicaid, and maternal and child health programs
Title
Medicare, Medicaid, and maternal and child health programs: An overview of major legislation enacted from 1980 through 1986: Background paper prepared for the use of the members of the Committee on Finance
Date
1987
Summary
This report traces the major Medicare amendments which have effected hospitals, physicians, and beneficiaries since 1980. It also reviews the major Medicaid amendments affecting Federal financial participation in the program, coverage of pregnant mothers and children, as well as those amendments designed to give States increased flexibility in administering their programs. Lastly, the report describes the consolidation of Federal health service programs for mothers and children under a new block grant authority.
Minimun wage
Title
Minimun wage: Selected references, 1978-1987
Date
1987
Summary
The Federal minimum wage under the Fair Labor Standards Act was last increased on January 1, 1981, to its current level of $3.35 per hour. Early in the 100th Congress, considerable interest has been expressed in re-examining the level and structure of the Federal minimum wage. Congress may use the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the adoption of the Fair Labor Standards Act (1938-1988) to subject the statute to significant oversight. This selected bibliography cites works on the issue of minimum wage.
Most-favored-nation treatment of foreign trading partners by the United States
Title
Most-favored-nation treatment of foreign trading partners by the United States: A summary
Date
1987
Summary
"Most-favored-nation" (MFN) status entitles the country to which it has been granted to the same advantages that have been extended by granting country to any other country; MFN treatment, consequently, means in fact: nondiscriminatory, equal treatment. The United States extends the MFN treatment in foreign trade to all countries except to most Communist countries. Generally, MFN status can be granted by the United States to Communist country only if the latter's emigration policy is substantially nonrestrictive. Under this procedure, in effect since 1975, MFN status has been extended to Romania, Hungary, and China, which together with the earlier Communist MFN beneficiaries, Poland and Yugoslavia, are the only Communist countries to which the United States accords the MFN status.
Minority ownership of broadcast facilities
Title
Minority ownership of broadcast facilities: A summary of federal communications commission's policies and rules
Date
1987
Summary
In James Steele vs. FCC, 770 F. 2d 1192 (D.C. Circ. 1985), which involved the award of a broadcast license to a woman using in part a preference system that allowed the Commission to award the license despite the existence of a competing application from a more broadcast-experienced male, a Federal appeals court in a two-to-one ruling in August 1985, struck down preferences for women in awarding FCC licenses. This report reviews the event that led to the FCC's original decision to implement a minority preference system in awarding broadcast licenses, and summarizes chronologically FCC policies and rules that have been implemented since then to increase minority ownership. An assessment of the effects such policies and rules have had on minority broadcast ownership is also provided. This is followed by a discussion of congressional reaction to the FCC's position on preferences and legislative initiatives that have been introduced to date in support of diversifying ownership of broadcast facilities.
[Autograph document]
Title
[Autograph document]
Date
1545
Nicaragua v. United States
Title
Nicaragua v. United States: The International Court of Justice decision
Date
1986
Nonpoint source provisions of the clean water act amendments of 1987
Title
Nonpoint source provisions of the Clean Water Act amendments of 1987
Date
1987
Summary
The Clean Water Act Amendments of 1987 (P.L. 100-4) make control of nonpoint sources of water pollution a national policy. New section 319 creates a nonpoint source management program. While the primary responsibility for developing and implementing controls on nonpoint sources is vested with the States, the Environmental Protection Agency must approve the State programs and is authorized to provide technical and financial support. After three years, EPA is required to report to Congress on the program and its success.
Nonpoint source pollution control
Title
Nonpoint source pollution control: Programs in the Clean Water Act
Date
1983
Overview of major legal issues under section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973
Title
Overview of major legal issues under section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973
Date
1985
Overview of recent judicial decisions on the constitutional right of mental patients to refuse treatment
Title
Overview of recent judicial decisions on the constitutional right of mental patients to refuse treatment
Date
1985
Overview of the independent counsel provisions of the ethics in government act
Title
Overview of the independent counsel provisions of the Ethics in Government Act
Date
1986
Summary
This report provides an overview of the provisions of the Ethics in Government Act concerning the appointment of an independent counsel (formerly "special prosecutor"), the duties and authority of the independent counsel, and the congressional oversight of the independent counsel.

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