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CRS87325Apage07
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the fourteenth amendment's equal protection clause. Finally, in a 1977 decision, Carey v. Population Services Internationa1,10 the Court held that minors have a constitutionally protected right of privacy which encompasses the right to receive contraceptives. This case held that regulations which impose a burden on a decision as fundamental as whether to bear or beget a child can be justified only
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CRS87325Apage08
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Contraceptives," CR8 Report, Sept. 24, 1986. i 12 Central Hudson Gas & Electric Corp. v. Public Service Comm., 447 U.S. 557, 561 (1980). ‘ T 13 315 u.s. 52 (1942). 14 341 U.S. 622 (1951).
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CRS87325Apage10
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of commercial speech is constitutionally permissible: (1) Is the speech protected by the first amendment? (2) Is the claimed governmental interest substantial? and, if both of these questions are answered in the affirmative, (3) does the statute advance that government interest? (4) Finally, is the statute more restrictive than is necessary to serve that interest? Applying this test to the challenged statute
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CRS83588ENRpage12
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Lonq Pine Creek~ Nebraska 2,097,000 Nutrients -. -« ’" ,Tillamo0k Bay Oregon 2,303,000 Animal wastes, nutrients Conestoqa Pennsylvania 2,370,000 Animal wastes, nutrients, % Headwaters ‘_t , pesticides, sediment Oakwood- , South Dakota 12,305,000 Sediments, nutrients Lake Poinsett » 1 Nansemond— Viruinia 2,136,000 Nutrients Chuckatuck . ~ Subtotal s5,51s,nsui _1_/ — Contingency 1d,30S,000 _2
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CRS83588ENRpage13
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1) rue. (/ L3EhuUKG{PEbE:“ -.-..“.o;,= n C qane,LgC3:~3fi fg;;,;g;;;v Timing 7:99 of Rec,'Ha:er Tyne cf ?oI1ut3nt Tyne cf S“°s 1:;3:,::;,:t ssa.c;:o/ Seat. 79- mes. reservoir‘ T sem.-sent. -'w’~"i9“‘5 """°“°r” °°”"°‘g A +:::TL;n3 550,50 . Seat. 31 water suzoly , V A 5"“C3”’55- 5e°’“e”t ‘ * retentxon structures. grassed waterway» critical area oianting. minim
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CRS861046SPRpage33
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spiralis in pork carcasses or fresh or previously frozen cuts of pork carcasses that have not been.cured or * Note: Chronology of Regulatory Actions on Irradiated Foods Table III (p. 37). fi§/ Report of the Comptroller General, 1978. p. 14. 33/ 21 CFR. 179. §9/ 21 CFR. .179.22. 51/ U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Irradiation in the Production, Processing and Handling of Food. Final Rule. Federal
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CRS83588ENRpage01
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‘: V . V { 3; 1,; fi“*“"‘ :‘:”"""""-” ”“':J"m3i~v X .“ > 2 1§mm, “.__§:>,¥..,. .€__-‘_j._~(!‘,[ . 5 f .91; ‘ ‘V -' 1 ’ . ». ' ' . ‘ E‘... . - ' ’-V £2 ‘it ""- ‘ rm 1&9 1989 F "-( \ "-‘I. L I B R . " _— ;r. ~._ .. ‘ gtww 3}, if ;?””’r= 1 . ' ‘I’ ' . «'53-.' ‘ ~iK'Z"’3 ‘._ 4&apos
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CRS83588ENRpage11
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APPENDIX ll lsubject Areas Included in the 208 Data Clearinghouse S (Issue of May l980) r eAgriculture Alternatives Biological Physical Condition Capitalization/Financing Conservation l Construction n Draft and Final Plans General Nonpoint Sources l~Goals Groundwater l Hydrologic modification Industry % Inventory and Sampling Institutional Lakes Landfills Land Use Legal Miningi7 Miscellaneous Technical Modeling l i Open Space and Recreation Public.Parti:ipation Point Sources ‘ : Rivers S osaltwater Intrusion Sedimentation and Erosion Septic Systems S ‘A Sewers S Silviculture Sludge Socio-economic Impact Solid waste Standards Surface Water Urban Runoffl Wasteload and Flows Nastewater Treatment lGeneral water Quality management, Study Areas
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CRS83588ENRpage05
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7 CRST3 TAoLE I Section 208 Funding summary (as of May 1983) 1 (S = Millions) p * Authorized 1 Appropriated obligated FY 1973 p so 50 i -- Fy 1974 100 100 ‘ L p'13.2 FY 19751 ' 150 150 7% do 149.9 FY 1976 -— . L p 53 1 '. wt 53 FY 1977 J i ~ , 15o~ D V 15 . 14.4 1 FY 1979 1 150 p I. 69 V l ” io9 FY 1979 150 .' A“ 32h ‘ 1 i 94}5i FY 1980 1 150 ~i » i 37-§“ 1 ; 37.9 FY 1951 1oo
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CRS861046SPRpage36
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CRSF32 each fruit and vegetable requires the protocol for the elimination of insects to be approved by USDA. As a result, it will be some time before irradiated fruits and vegetables are available commercially. International Food Irradiation Logo* I@% an B. LEGISLATIVE ACTIVITIES iOn November 18, 1983, a bill (H.R. 4544) to promote the use of food irradiation as a post-harvest treatment
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CRS83588ENRpage09
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CR5-7 rapny of many of these written products, called the 203 Data Clearinghouse. This document was intended as an aid to local agencies for obtaining technical reports of other local and State agencies. To facilitate technology transfer and linformation exchange, EPA has distributed issues of the Clearinghouse to person- nel in local ani State 203 agencies, as well as EPA staff. The May l98O issue of the Clearinghouse contained #,39l report entries in 39 subject areas reviewing emany aspects of water quality management, (See Appendix II for list of subject areas.) ‘While many of EPA's own reports are not identified in the Clearinghouse, 3/ the reports cited indicate that much has been written which couldmbenefit nation- wiie efforts to solve nonpoint source pollution problems. a guidance documents issued l/ not included, for example, »re JPA technical‘ pursuant to section 3J4(E) of-the lct, which requires EPA to issfll guidelines for identifying and evaluating the nature and extent of 39393135 9°urC33 35 PGILU‘ tents."
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CRS83588ENRpage15
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-JV‘ pesticides _._L__A.?4 000,000 .'Sept. H PAH #200,330 lakei public Qatar SOUTH CAROLINA - lsupply 0 tion »660.000 ‘animal tastes :_I‘ .9:-n -1vv‘§\vUJ :A papa av,L.J lTEXnS Sept. 82 0 .$treams 200;0o0. ‘ioosocox - 75.GCO HARYLAHD Sept. boy new Mexico 1.210.000 -2‘: r-« - O:QJJv‘ recreation. housing sedimentation .-5:3] estifazed C351; 3533 f;n:5_ The first figure under the 13:31 amount F%oresents_ 4 .a
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appropriated out not yet obligated will be used to cover inflation and project moiifications during the remainder of each current project. TABLE II 'Rural Clean Water Program Funding (3 = millions) FY 79 FY so -FY 31 st 82 A FY 33 rY'34 Total Authorized A zoo i 4oo lOO Loo #-V -~r BOO appropriated. r~ -50 23 7- ‘ -- 9- 70 obligated l» p ‘r-~ i r +- 45.2 3.25 ( op3;o./ ~3.o‘i/ 5a.4 vo ,3
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CRS83588ENRpage14
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AGRICULTURA Ffiwctgvgflgm oon':r?Q vvIHd& 0 n\_u—.\r1V fizfa/Location Amount* Timino ljyne of Rec. Hater Tyoe of Pol‘utant Tvoe of BHPS ILLINOIS 1,400,333 Sept. 82 . lake. water supply sediment/chemicals erosion ccntroll ,,, A.. seeding, animal °§;g°::: waste control . ~ ~~V% T£n%ESSE£ 3,425,033 Sept. 82% sediment/pesticides. seeding, animal ‘ a waste. pollution -400.030 abatement. tree -4
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CRS83588ENRpage03
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NONPOINT SOLRCE POLLUTION CONTROL: PROGRAMS IN THE C.EAN WATER ACT Attention has recently begun to focus intensively on the role of nonpoint source pollution controls in achieving water quality objectives. Determinations of whether or not to expand currentprograms to deal fiith nonpoint sources pre- suppose some familiarity with thoseprograms._This report briefly describes the status of existing nonpoint source programs and program outputs, with empha- sis on the Clean Water Act. lt should be noted that, in the view of the Environmental rrotection Agency (EPA), solving nonpoint source pollution problems is one aspect of an overall water quality management process. That Larger process involves plans and mea- sures to control point and nonpoint pollution“and achieve the water quality goals of the Act. .Nonpoint source programs, therefore, are not isolated from point source‘control efforts, eater quality standard-setting,muasteload allocation, and monitoring. l Finally, aany of the programs described in this report qereestablished_in the earlv l970's and oecame Eullyfunctional late in the decade. Some were long- term demonstration projects whose results and potential transferability are be- ginning to be reported now. For the nos: part, new projects have not been init‘ iated since FY l93l, and EPA support activities have declined. Clean fiater Act: %Section 233 The principal Clean water Act progran concerned Jith nonpoint pollution is found in section 303, priaarilfi a planning_provision, which calls.for continuing,j conprehensive management of point and nonpoint source wastes on an areawide basis. Pursuant to section 233, States have designated l76 regional or areawide planning agencies to identify "substantial Jater quality problems" due to "urban-industrial
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provided substantial technical aid-and infor- mation transfer on the subject. These efforts have included conducting seminars ‘PW land training programs, assisting other cederal programs (such as educating State 6 Eoresters and landowners regarding pollution control measures),1nd providing help on financial and nanagement techniques needed to inplement 203 plans. These types of pore general assistance
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