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CRS87331ENRpage03
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Federal Expenditures for Market Development by Geographical Area, Fiscal Years 1977-1985.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..ll Table 6. U.S. Agricultural Exports to Major Markets, Fiscal Year 1978 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..l2 Table 7. U.S. Agricultural Exports to Major Markets, Fiscal Year 1979
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CRS84749EPWpage15
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info:fedora/mu:81575
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CRS-8 II. CHANGES TO SOCIAL WELFARE SPENDING PROGRAMS A. Medicare* The largest reductions in spending programs were made in Medicare, which accounts for $12 billion of the $21 billion in spending cuts. Changes in Medi- care represent almost 10 percent of the total deficit reduction accomplished in P.L. 98-369. Medicare consists of two parts: Hospital Insurance (HI), Part A, and Sup- plementary
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CRS86517Spage11
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. For example, in 1980 about 725,000 white house- holds in rural areas lacked a complete bathroom, more than twice the number of all other groups. But percentagewise, only 4 percent of whites lacked these basic facilities compared with 24 percent for blacks, 22 percent for American Indians, Eskimos, or Aleuts, and 11 percent for those of Spanish origin. Q] Cited above in footnote 1. fif Reported in HAC News
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CRS86517Spage05
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types of housing problems, but have only rudi- mentary information about a fourth. The categories are: ’ 1. Physically inadequate housing units, such as lacking or sharing a flush toilet, bathtub or shower inside the structure; a combination of defects in the struc- ture, such as leaks in roof or basement, holes or .cracks in walls, ceilings or floors; or breakdowns in heating or electrical facilities
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CRS86517Spage03
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HOUSING REQUIREMENTS IN RURAL AREAS Morton Jr Schussheim« Federal housing policy for rural areas is now at a crossroads. hsince 1949 more than two million rural families have received benefits through “ housing programs of the Farmers Home Administration (FmHA) and about 700,00d through thedeep-subsidyprogramsof the Department of Housing; and Urban Development (HUD). Early in 1985 the Reagan
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CRS86517Spage19
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c1zs—9 The projected production could leave a shortfall of about 75;000 units a year and 375,000 for the period 1986 to 1990. If these projections hold true, the consequences would include a slower rate of replacement of ‘inadequate or obsolescent housing than would be desirable and, in some rural markets at least, fewer choices of alternatives quarters for young households and those who desire
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CRS85818Epage21
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info:fedora/mu:52450
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CRS-15 high interest rates, the increase in interest cost was so huge as to suggest other causes in addition to a tight money policy.% B. Regulation of Interest Rates -- Regulation "Q" The excessive rise in the cost of funds in the 1978-1981 period which played havoc with profit margins on consumer loans, can probably be accounted for to a certain extent by the deregulation of interest
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CRS85818Epage13
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info:fedora/mu:52450
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CRS-7 Table 3. Consumer Loan Rates Vs. Commercial Loan Rates in Past Recoveries (1) i (2) A (3) Commercial Loans Consumer New- Column (1) - $1,000 to $499,000 Auto-Loans Column (2) t Z9 , 2 .Percentage Points August 1974 12.23 3 11.15 1.08 August 1975 8.97 11.31 -2.34 Change Percentage 1 ‘ " iPoints -3.26 0.16 -3.42 May 1980 18.73 15.72 3.01 August 1980 13.17 13.91 - 0.74 Change Percentage
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CRS85818Epage02
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charges. The second half of the paper will analyze the reasons for these differ‘ ences in the light of bank yields on outstanding loans to consumers and busi~ nesses from 1966 through 1983. Finally, current data will be examined_from the point of View of the c lusions reached in the report.
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CRS85818Epage08
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CRS-2 VI. SOURCES OF FUNDS FOR CONSUMER CREDIT Consuer installment bank credit outstanding is the largest single factor in the consumer credit market. As shown in table 1, it represented about 44.2 percent of total consumer installment credit outstanding and 35.6 percent of total (installment and noninstallment) consumer credit extended by all financial organizations in May l983. The remaining 55
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CRS85818Epage19
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CRS-13 as much as short-term open market rates. put the difference in the decline be- tween short-term open-market rates and short-term bank rates, 0.61 (5.82-5.21) percentage points, was less than that between longer term open-market and bank rates, 6.81 (4.11-3.30) percentage points. Thus, the consumer rate decline, ac- cording to these data, was less than that of comparable maturites of open
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CRS85818Epage03
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CRS-iii CONTENTS COCO00000000OOO~OO’OOOOOO'OOOOOOO0000000000DOCOOOOOOOOOOOOOIOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOOIOOOOOCOCO000000000OOOOO’OOOCOO'IOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO COOOC0000000000CO0000000000000OOOCCOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIOOOOOOOO IO 000000000000OOOOOOOOOOOOIOOOOOO IIO 000000000OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIOOO A. B. C. D. E. F. May 1982 to May 1983 ........................................... Consumer Loan Rates in Past
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CRS85818Epage34
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. Thus, in 1982, when interest rates fell, easing pressure on the cost of funds, and with usury ceilings lifted in some States, banks were in a good position to shore up shrinking profit margins. According to Functional Cost Analysis, banks in 1982 increased their yield on consumer in- stallment loans before taxes to 2.56 percent -- up from 1.72 percent in 1981 ~— a rate still below the 1966-78 average
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