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WagesInAgriculture1945-46p0214
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: earned :__week Number Dollars Dollars lumber South Month without meals _2j May 20-26 52,000 930 18.30 62 March 18-21» 48, 000 .26 15.70 60 Week without meals May 037 March 18-<21. 40,000 .28 15.70 56 Day without meals g/ May 20-26 167,000 .26 13920 50 March «:26 . 10980 41 West. Month Without meals g/ May 20-26 28,000 .65 38.90 60 March 18-24 31,000 .57 35.10 61 Month with meals 3/ may 20-n26 33,000
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WagesInAgriculture1945-46p0211
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-24 :20-26218-2:’, :20-26218-24 :29-;.’_-2t6_:_l8«~§Z1t Pct. Pct. Pct. Pct. Pct. Pct. Pct. Pct, Pct. PCte Total with age reported _1_/ 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Under 18 years g/ 17 11 14 12 17 9 20 11. 12 7 18 - 24 16 1'7 20 24 20 21 14 14 12 9 2-15 - 34 20 21. 23 22 19 24 19 2!. 19 23 35 «=- 44 18 19 16 15 16 1'7 19 20 20 24 45 - 64 23 24 20 20 21 23 23 23 32 33 65 and over 6 5
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WagesInAgriculture1945-46p0289
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_ 17 - rises IN THE ASPARAGUS HARVEST, _ SACRAMENTO-SAN JOAQUIN DELTA, GaLlFORNIA MAY 25,r.JUNE 1o,~19h5; Asparagus is_grown in many parts of the United States but the largest commercial acreage is located in the delta area of the San Joaquin and Sacramento Rivers. Asparagus matures there by the latter part of February, six weeks ahead of the harvest season in the Eastern States. Early asparagus
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WagesInAgriculture1945-46p0290
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Solano 2,7AO March 5 April 10-June 5 June 17 .300. Yolo 7,160 March l5 April 15-June A «July 1 1,100 Contra Costa 7,b,2o Feb. In March_ 23-June 5 July 7 600 l/ Source: California Crop and Eivestock Reporting Service, Vegetable Crops *' in California, April IQLS. 2/ Source: Farm Labor Project, USDA and Univ. of California Cooperating, _' California fieekly Farm Labor Report. " Field data
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WagesInAgriculture1945-46p0295
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iu1.7 311 7.u 1.L8 10.90 78.00 25 - no lbs, 117 56.u L85 8.2 2.00 18.u0 115.10 to lbs. and.ovor 73 59.5 A59 7.6 2.0a 15.80 109.10 Age of bed Under 5 years ion L9.2 n01 8.1 1.79 1u.6o 102.10 5 - 9 years 168 5h.6 Q12 7.6 1.89 1h.5O lO0.00 Over 9 years 15/ 10 51.u 500 9.7 1.95 19.00 155.00 Type of soil Feat 68 5e.5 A52 9.0 1.89 17.00 118.80 Heavy 21h 55.5 hoe 7.5 1.85 1u.00 .97.90 Mexican national
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WagesInAgriculture1945-46p0296
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over half that of the Filipino cutters. Earnings.--Filipino workers cutting white asparagus earned an average of $1.7ETEE7ESE3. Those cutting green asparagus averaged $1.86 per hour. This amounted to $lh.l5 a day of 8.1 hours for the cutters of white asparagus and $99.05 a week. Filipino workers cutting green asparagus made $lh.55 in a 7.8~hour day a nd $101.85 a week (table 15). Earnings
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WagesInAgriculture1945-46p0300
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, and 22 cents (table 18). Table 18.-éfiage rates paid for picking cantaloups, Imperial County, Cali- fornia, June 17 - 23, l9h5. “Workers at each rate Rate Number"r ' Percent All workers 50h 100 $1.00 per hour 95 18 Crate basis .l/ 17¢ plus 3¢ bonus g/ 265 53 17¢ plus h¢ bonus 36 7 20¢ 7 61 12 20¢ plus 2¢ bonus 30 6 21¢ 19 L; I/ On basis of packed out crates and is‘?or picking only. ‘2/ Bonus
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WagesInAgriculture1945-46p0301
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the week, the piece rate workers $lh.O0 a day and $96.70 for the week (table 20). The major difference in earnings between the two types of workers was in length of employment during the week, although piece rate workers earned $1.55 an hour as compared to $1.00 for the other group.
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WagesInAgriculture1945-46p0293
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Green asparagus All workers 282 7.8 55 12.6 5.5L Daily yield per acre Under 25 lbs. 92 7.u 2 1a.} 3.b9 25 - HO lbs. 117 8.2 57 15.5 5.55 A0 lbs. and 0V9? 75 7-5 5h 9-5 5-55 Age of bed Under 5 years 10b 8.1 57 15.2 5.6A 5 " 9 y'(‘,xn«I‘S 706 Over 9 years _1_/ 10 9.7 68 10.0 5.80 Type of soil Peat 68 9.0 65 15.2 5.75 Heavy Qlh 7.5 55 11.7 5.h8 Mexican national Cutters Piece rate workers (green
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WagesInAgriculture1945-46p0294
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9 years 32 60.9 A88 8.0 1.90 15.20 l06.hO Type of soil Peat 175 58.3 LL5 8.2 1.70 1h.00 97.80 Heavy 51 65.2 52 8.0 l.8h lh.7O 102.80 Green asparagus nil ca-on 9-¢—us—. ¢.--ooco;-3 All workers 282 52.6 812 7.8 1.86 18.60 101.80 - continued —
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WagesInAgriculture1945-46p0287
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- 15 - Five of the crows worked in fields having yields less than 50 hampers to the acre. A/"Workers in those crews picked an average of 1.2 hampers an hour or 9.l~hampers in a 7.6—hour day. Eight crews.worked in fields yielding from 50 to 100 hampers per acre. They averaged 1.h hampers an hour and 11.7 a day. Ten crews were working in fields with yields of over 100 hampers an acre
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WagesInAgriculture1945-46p0288
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- 16 - Earnings on the second picking were higher than on the first as wage rates for the second picking had been increased in order to hold the pickers. The average return per hour was 90 cents on the first picking and $1.09 on the second. Variability in earnings per worker was about the same for both pickings. Method of sampling.-—From 80 to 90 percent of the fresh market peas in this area are
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WagesInAgriculture1945-46p0291
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.l§ per box 15 7 200 8 CV‘-rt o S S $32. 7 5 66 29 596 25 5 . 25 11.5 611 15711 67 Green asparagus 532 100 29bh 100 Cutting Box basis ., . 9 5 100 2 1..1o 5o 9 162 6 1.22 10- '5 - 1/ 1 55 16 5 160 Z; Cwt. bn-sis 235.00 _2_/ 1o 5 .85 5 3.15 17. 5 . - 1/ 5.25 82 25 876 5'6 3.75 158 118 1561 55 . Hourly basis 5/ .75 " 5911 100 - _}_/ Green asparagus 80 lOO C599 lOOl Cutting and packing Box
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WagesInAgriculture1945-46p0292
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All workers 22h 8.1 57 10.6 35.05 Daily yield per acre Under 55 lbs. 121 8.1 57 l0.0 3.15 over 35 lbs. 105 8.1 57 11.5 5.00 Age of bed Under 5 years 50 8.1 57 10.9 5.10 5 — 9 years 1L2 8.2 57 10.8 5.0L Over 9 years 52 8.0 57 9.1 5.12 a continued -
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WagesInAgriculture1945-46p0298
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Administration. All available records for the comparable period on workers exclusively engaged in the asparagus harvest in this part of the Statewwere used. These included about half of the 1200 Mexican nationals employed in this work.
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WagesInAgriculture1945-46p0299
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a wide variation in the earnings of the workers. Table l7.—4Workcrs employed in the early cantaloup harvest, Imperial County, 191:5. 3/ Week ending Workers employed I Percent harvest 0 ’ complete June 2 550 - June 9 800 I .10 June 16 1,800 20 June 25 2,875 25 June 50 2,875 15 July 7 9,875 80 July 1'4 2,600 90 July 21 I 7 .l,500. 95 1/ Data from California T%ekly"Farm Labor Reports, Farm Labor
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WagesInAgriculture1945-46p0302
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4 30 a Table 20.--Output and earnings of cantaloup pickers, Imperial Valley, California, June 17 - 25, l9h5. Type of worker All workers Hourly workers Piece rate workers ‘Workers reporting 507 95 fill Cratesrpicked Per hour 6.8 l/ 2/ 6.8 L/ Per day 71 -5- 71 " Per week Q90 ~' - A90 Earnings 5/ Per hour $ 1.26 5/ $ 1.00 $ 1.35 l/ Per day 12.70 —' 6.20 lh.0O '_ Per week 86.70 h2
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WagesInAgriculture1945-46p0297
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specified amounts Number Proportion ‘Torkers covered 506 1G0 Earnings per hour Under $1.25 122 ea $31.25 to 351.99 170 ah $2.00 and over 21h b2 Earnings per day Under $10.00 12h 2h $310.00 - s51u..99 196 39 p $15.00 and over 186 37 W r v Perquisites.-~Practica1ly all Filipino cutters live in bunkhcuses on the growers’ farms. These vary in size, cleanliness, and comfort, but are sufficiently desirable
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WagesInAgriculture1945-46p0408
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62 127 65 526 63 7 25 Males Reporting Age 2/ 231 100 52 100 159 100 20 100 Under 18 26 11 5 1O 2O 12 1 5 18 — 2h 29 13 7 13 19 12 3 15 25 - Ah lOl AL 27 52 62 39 12 60 A5 — 64 54 23 6 12 44 28 L 20 65 and over 21 9 7 13 14 9 — — Females Reporting Age 2/ 506 100 97 100 A02 100 7 100 Under 18 57 11 22 23 35 9 ~ - 18 — 2h 40 8 13 13 27 7 - - 25 - 44 239 47 37 38 2oo 2.9 2 2/ 45 — 61 130 26 15 16 113
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