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WagesInAgriculture1945-46p0297
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specified amounts Number Proportion ‘Torkers covered 506 1G0 Earnings per hour Under $1.25 122 ea $31.25 to 351.99 170 ah $2.00 and over 21h b2 Earnings per day Under $10.00 12h 2h $310.00 - s51u..99 196 39 p $15.00 and over 186 37 W r v Perquisites.-~Practica1ly all Filipino cutters live in bunkhcuses on the growers’ farms. These vary in size, cleanliness, and comfort, but are sufficiently desirable
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WagesInAgriculture1945-46p0408
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62 127 65 526 63 7 25 Males Reporting Age 2/ 231 100 52 100 159 100 20 100 Under 18 26 11 5 1O 2O 12 1 5 18 — 2h 29 13 7 13 19 12 3 15 25 - Ah lOl AL 27 52 62 39 12 60 A5 — 64 54 23 6 12 44 28 L 20 65 and over 21 9 7 13 14 9 — — Females Reporting Age 2/ 506 100 97 100 A02 100 7 100 Under 18 57 11 22 23 35 9 ~ - 18 — 2h 40 8 13 13 27 7 - - 25 - 44 239 47 37 38 2oo 2.9 2 2/ 45 — 61 130 26 15 16 113
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Title
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WagesInAgriculture1945-46p0409
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info:fedora/mu:440909
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: by Source : White : Negro : Indian : Forelgn l/ :Number:Percent:Number:Percent:Number:Percent:Number:Percent:Number:Percent Total lO6h lOO 885 83 19 2 14 1 1&6 lb Chautauqua 936 lOO 786 ‘ 84 19 2 8 1 123 13 Erie 128 100 99 77 - - 6 5 23 18 ;/ Includes imported nationals and prisoners of war. About 86 percent of the hired labor force employed on sample grape farms were domestic workers, including a few
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WagesInAgriculture1945-46p0414
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info:fedora/mu:440909
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by : Omestlc Pickers :Foreign Pickers :Source and Sex : Males : Females : l/ :Number :Percent:Number :Percent:Number :Percent:Number :Percent Total Reported by Rate per Crate of 28 pounds l82 l00 A7 100 ll8 100 17 100 €5.15 55 30 10 22 31 26 :u. 82 .16 l2 6 3 6 9 8 — — .17 3 2 - - ~ - 3 18 .l8 23 13 A 9 l9 l6 — — .20 hh 2h 16 34 28 24 - - .22 9 5 2 1. 7 6 — - .25 26 lb 9 l9 17 1A - - .30 7 4 3 6 A 3 - - .40
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WagesInAgriculture1945-46p0415
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info:fedora/mu:440909
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: ly : per : per : ly : ers :(28 lbkho :Earn— : Day : Day :Earn— : : 42/ : W zingsg : : ziggs Seasonal Pickers with Time Worked, Earnings an Performance Reported 707 $.23 2.7 $.60 7.6 20 $A.6O Piece Rate 188 .19 3.4 .66 7.3 25 4.80 Hourly Rate 510 .25 2.4 .59 7 l8 4.59 Dailyliate <2 3/ ;/ 3/ 3/ 3/ l/ Duration of employment was not requested for 217 workers reported in crews, who are assumed
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WagesInAgriculture1945-46p0418
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info:fedora/mu:440909
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.9 4.2 33 40 and over acres 115 .60 4 70 25.40 7.9 5.4 43 Seasonal workers Harvesting Grapes Domestic Males Under 10 acres 67 .58 4.60 13.60 8.0 3.0 24 10 - 19 acres 54 .56 4.10 14.60 7.3 3.6 26 20 — 39 acres 47 .65 5.00 20.60 7.7 4.1 32 40 and over acres 16 11/ 1/ ‘1/ 41/ 1/ '1/ Domestic Females Under 10 acres 196 .58 4.40 14.40 7.6 3.3 25 10 ~ 19 acres 178 .57 4.40 18.90 7.7 4.3 33 20 - 39
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WagesInAgriculture1945-46p0419
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Harvest Workers . Hourly : Total . Seasonal : Other Earnings : :Regular : Total : Foreign :Domestic :Domestic: Workers ' ° ° ' : Males : Females: Total 1/ 980 go 908 131 194 583 -26 Less than $.20 A 2 2 - - 2 - $5 .20 -$5 .39 23 2 19 3 3 13 2 .hO - .59 354 2A 310 93 70 147 20 .6O - .79 57h l8 552 35 lO9 408 h .80 - .99 9 - 9 - 4 5 ~ 1.00 - l.l9 8 - 8 - A 4 - 1.20 and over 8 - 8 — A A - Average
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WagesInAgriculture1945-46p0412
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info:fedora/mu:440909
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, New York, Week Ended October lh, 1945. : Total on : Acres of Grapes on Reporting Farms :FmmsRe-: : : : : : : : ported :Under : 5-9 : lO—l4 : 15-19 : 20-29 : 30-39 :40 and : by Size : ,5 : : : : : : over Number of Workers l,O48 76 236 l76 196 162 87 ll5 Percent Receiving Piece Rates l8 ll 9 13 17 23 66 14
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WagesInAgriculture1945-46p0413
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7.5 3.7 27 Hourly Rate 834 .58 4.50 16.90 7.8 3.8 29 Other Time Rate 23 .48 4.30 26.10 8.8 6.1 54 Grape Harvest Workers 1014 .59 4.60 17.10 7.7 3.7 29 Piece Rate 183 .66 4.90 18.10 7.5 3.7 27 Hourly Rate 811 .58 4.50 16.60 7.7 3.7 29 Other Time Rate 20 .51 4.40 27.00 8.6 6.2 53 Other Workers 26 .49 4.40 25.70 8.9 5.9 53 Piece Rate - - - - 5 - - Time Rate 26 .49 4.40 25.70 8.9 5.9 53 The few other
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Title
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WagesInAgriculture1945-46p0416
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info:fedora/mu:440909
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Domestic White 853 S .59 $34. so $18.30 7.7 4.0 31 Negro and Indian 33 .56 4.50 13.40 8.1 3.0 24 Foreign _1_/ 146 .58 4.50 12.10 7.8 2.7 21 Seasonal Grape Harvest Workers Domestic White 796 .60 4.60 18.00 7.6 3.9 30 Negro and Indian 33 .56 4.50 13.40 8.1 3.0 24 Foreign l/ 131 .61 4.50 10.30 7.4 2.3 17 Regular Grape Harvest Workers Domestic White 40 .52 4.40 23.00 Negro and Indian 801} Foreign ;/ 6 _ 2/ 2
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Title
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WagesInAgriculture1945-46p0417
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383 .57 $4.50 $15.20 7.8 3.1. 27 Under 18 23 .59 3.80 14.60 6.4 3.8 25 18 - 24 22 .59 4.50 $0.90 7.7 '4.6 36 25 - 44 90 .55 4.60 20.30 8.4 4.4 37 45 — 64 50 .54 4.30 20.40 8.0 4.7 38 65 and over 17 1/ 1/ 1/ 1/ 1/ .1/ Age not reported _2__/ 181 .60 4.50 10.20 7.5 2.3 17 Females 608 .58 4.50 18.70 7.8 4.1 32 Under 18 51 .56 4.10 15.60 7.3 3.8 28 18 - 24 31 .56 4.20 17.60 7.5 4.2 31 25 - 44 220
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Title
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WagesInAgriculture1945-46p0420
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- 9 l7h 4 170 55 Ah 71 - lo - 19 157 2 15h 39 38 77 l 20 - 29 125 - 125 l2 19 9h - 30 - 39 l2O 3 ll? - 29 88 - A0 - A9 344 23 311 25 57 229 l0 50 - 59 30 6 2l - 5 lo 3 60 and over 30 8 l0 — 2 8 l2 Percent of All Man-hours _1/ 100% 7% 89% 7% 20% 52% 4% l/ Based on total hours worked during survey week by each type of workers. Seasonal grape harvest workers made up 93 percent of all workers
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WagesInAgriculture1945-46p0421
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info:fedora/mu:440909
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-19.. Table 22: Percent of Hired Workers Receiving Specified Perquisites by Duration of Employment and Operation, Grape Farms, Chautauqua and Erie Counties, New York, week Ended October 14, 1945. Grape Harvest Item : Total : Workers 2 Other : Regular : Seasonal : Workers Total Number of Workers 1064 48 988 28 Percent lOO 100 100 lOO Percent Receiving House or Lodging and Meals 1/ 5 12 4 11 House
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WagesInAgriculture1945-46p0410
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seasonally employed. Table 7: Distribution of Hired workers by Age and Duration of Employment, Grape Farms, Chautauqua and Erie Counties, New York, deek Ended October la, l9A5. : Regular Workers : Seasonal Workers Age 3 (150 days and over) : (Less than 150 days) Total reporting age ;/ Number 66 667 Percent 100 100 Under 18 (percent) 3 12 18 — 24 (percent) 15 9 25 - Ah " 43 A6 45 - 64 " 3A 2A 65
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Title
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WagesInAgriculture1945-46p0411
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: Females :ment,Source: : : : tandébx All Reported by Unit of Payment 1055 69 131 216 639 Percent lOO lOO lOO lOO lOO Piece Rate g/ (Percent) 18 - 13 24 20 Hourly Rate (Percent) 79 78 87 74 79 Daily Rate (Percent) 1 - - 2 1 Weekly Rate (Percent) 1 A — - — Monthly Rate (Percent) 1 l8 — - - Grape Harvest Workers 1027 as 131 213 635 Percent lOO lOO lOO lOO lOO Piece Hate (Percent) 18 — 13 2A 20 Hourly Rate
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WagesInAgriculture1945-46p0407
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and Erie Counties, New York, l9h5. Man-daysflired Labor 3 Number of : Percent of Reguirements : Farms : Total Total Reporting 366 100 None 171 47 l - 9 3A 9 l0 - 19 59 16 2O - 29 36 l0 30 - 39 17 5 40 - A9 15 A 50 — 99 22 6 100 ~ 1A9 7 2 l5O and over 5 1 Average per farm l7.6 Almost half of the sample farms required no hired labor during the l9h5 grape harvest. However, hired labor requirements for the l9
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Title
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WagesInAgriculture1945-46p0406
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-4- Table 1: Distribution of Sample Grape Farms l/ by Number of Hired Workers, Chautauqua and Erie Counties, New York, Week Ended October lg, 1965. Number of : Number of Farms Hired 3 Total : Chautauqua Co. : Erie Co. Workers : Number : Percent : Number : Number Total 377 100 315 62 O 187 50 146 Al 1 14 A 13 1 2 35 9 32 3 3 22 6 20 2 A 31 8 28 3 5 19 5 19 - 6 16 A 15 1 7 8 2 5 3 8 12 3 9 3 9 5 1
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Title
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The impact of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 ...: on selected federal research and development agencies and programs
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Date
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1986
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Summary
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This report examines the impact of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985, on the FY86 budget of selected research and development (R&D) programs. The analysis of the report focuses on the likely scope of reprogramming, and its potential impact on each program or agency in general. The qualitative program analysis also tried to determine what research areas were likely to suffer most under Gramm-Rudman-Hollings and if the different R&D agencies planned to cut the number of research grans or the size of each grant and how either action might affect their programs.
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