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WagesInAgriculture1946-47.pdf-8
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WagesInAgriculture1946-47.pdf-8
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- 6 - 2. COMPOSITION OF HIRED FARMWORKERS, SEPTS EHR 16-22, 1945 More Than Three-Fourth's of Workers in Fall Are Seasonal 'formers.-In September, 80 percent of the 3,240,000 hired farm workers’ were to be employed less than 6 months during the year by the reporting farmer. This is a much larger percentage of seasonal hired workers than was found in the spring. In Hay, 62 percent
WagesInAgriculture1946-47.pdf-14
Title
WagesInAgriculture1946-47.pdf-14
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. Furthermore, in each region except the South, regular workers employed 150-299 days on the reporting farm were paid higher hourly cash wages than were year-round workers (300 days or more). On the whole, the regional pattern of lower wages for regular workers than seasonal workers was the same for the fall as for Karch and in Hay, but the wago differences between regular and seasonal workers were much
WagesInAgriculture1946-47.pdf-9
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WagesInAgriculture1946-47.pdf-9
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in September were picking cotton. In the South, in addition to the increase in crew workers-, there was an increase in the number of workers whose cash wages covered the hire of their own machinery, equipment or woik stock, as well as their labor. For the Nation as a whole, the number of these custom workers increased from 87,000 in May 1945 to 132,000 in September. However, this increase occurred primarily
WagesInAgriculture1946-47.pdf-11
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WagesInAgriculture1946-47.pdf-11
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. HOURLY CASH NACES OF HIRED TARN ROKERS, SEPTEMBER 16-22, 1945 Average Hourly Wage Increases Hore Than 10 Cents.-Average cash wages earned by hired farm workers in the United States increased from 37 cents per hour in late spring to 48 cents in the fall, an increase of 30 percent. From early spring to fall, average cash farm wages in the United States increased 37 percent. Much of this rise
WagesInAgriculture1946-47.pdf-7
Title
WagesInAgriculture1946-47.pdf-7
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of September on farms with more than 1 man—year of hired labor during 1945 was 3*3 in the Northeast and 8.0 in the best* In the Vest only 2 percent of the farms had more than 2,000. man-days, or .8 man-years of hired labor in 1945, yet in Scptcmbcr' these farms employed 49 percent of the workers hired that week* They had an-average of 42.0 hired workers per farm for the survey week. Average Han
WagesInAgriculture1946-47.pdf-12
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WagesInAgriculture1946-47.pdf-12
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were seasonal workers, there was no change from early spring to fall in hourly cash wages of seasonal workers. - In all regions except the Mestern States, average hourly cash wages of regular workers increased 10 to 15 percent from early spring to fall. In the best, however, there was essentially no change. The graph on the cover page shows the regional variation in the average hourly cash wages
WagesInAgriculture1946-47.pdf-6
Title
WagesInAgriculture1946-47.pdf-6
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info:fedora/mu:439952
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in the South in the latter part of September was primarily attributable to cotton picking. Of the 1,747,000 farm workers employed in the South in the fall, 1,028,000, or nearly 60 percent, were picking cotton during the survey week. From weather reports and reports of cotton ginned, the third week in September 1945 appears to have been one of the peak cotton-picking weeks during the season. In most of Texas
WagesInAgriculture1946-47.pdf-10
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WagesInAgriculture1946-47.pdf-10
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to September 1945, reaching a total of 71,000 in the fall. 2/ In March, children under 14 years old made-up 1 percent of the hired farm workers not employed in crews, while in May and September they comprised 4 percent of the noncrcw workers. Among the various regions, the South in both spring and fall had the largest proportion of noncrew workers under 14 years old-, as well as the largest proportion
WagesInAgriculture1946-47.pdf-13
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WagesInAgriculture1946-47.pdf-13
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of nonwhite workers. The average hourly cash wages of white workers increased 5 cents per hour from early spring to fall, and those of Negro workers only 2 cents per hour. Cash wages of nonwhite workers in the South in September 1945 averaged 14 percent less than those of white workers. Cash'wages of Sons and Daughters Lew.-In the North Central States, vrhore the frequency of relatives of the operator
WagesInAgriculture1946-47.pdf-136
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WagesInAgriculture1946-47.pdf-136
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.71 5.70 33.10 8.1 5.8 46 Migratory 222 .64 5.20 31.10 8.1 6.0 48 Receiving house or lodg­ ing 79 .59 4.80 29.10 8.2 6.0 49 Not receiving house or lodging 534 .67 5.30 30.60 8.0 5.7 46 T opping ^otal - all workers 486 .66 5.30 30.30 8.0 5.7 46 Males 409 .68 5.40 30.70 8.0 5.7 46 Females 77 .58 4.60 27.70 8.0 6.0 48 Paid by the crate Total 182 .71 5.70 34.20 8.0 6.0 48 Male s 119 .78 6.30 37.70 8.1 6.0
WagesInAgriculture1946-47.pdf-137
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WagesInAgriculture1946-47.pdf-137
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October 13, 1945 ;Total : Thite : Farms workers :Average:workers : Acres of potatoes :number : other :Mexican in 1945 Number Percent Number Percent:per : than :workers _______ :farm :' !exi cans: Percent. Percent Total - all farms 57 100 418 100 7.3 100 100 Under 10 acres 21 37 70 17 3-3 19 — 10 - 19 acres 25 44. 183 44 7.3 40 73 20 acres and over 11 19 165 39 15.0 41 27 �
WagesInAgriculture1946-47.pdf-122
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WagesInAgriculture1946-47.pdf-122
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Not receiving house or lodging 295 .74 6.10 18.60 8.3 3.0 25 Pulling and topping - total 2/ 395 .70 5.90 21.50 8.5 3.6 31 Paid by the-ton 375 .72 6.20 ■21.90 8.6 3.5 30 Paid by the.acre 11 .47 2.00 12.20 4.4 6.0 26 Other- vrork 3/ 14 .67 6.60 36.80 9.9 5.6 55 1/ Excluding 21 workers for whom detailed information on wages and time worked was not available. 2/ Includes 9 workers for whom detailed information
WagesInAgriculture1946-47.pdf-123
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WagesInAgriculture1946-47.pdf-123
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-days of harvest labor of: 1/ Under 60 days 63 .53 3.50 14.20 6.6 4.0 27 60-79 days 122 .79 6.60 22.00 8.4 3.3 28 80 - 149 days 105 .68 6.30 25.60 9.4 4.0 38 150 days and over 119 .72 6.40 23.20 9i0 3.6 32 'Yorkers with duration of employment of: 2/ Under 75 days 124 .62 5.70 26.40 9.0 4.7 42 75 - 149 days 3/ 3/ y y y y y 150 days and over 20 .68 6.90 34.00 10.1 5.0 50 1/ Excluding 21 workers for whom
WagesInAgriculture1946-47.pdf-132
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WagesInAgriculture1946-47.pdf-132
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: per : per :survey : ?_d£y_ : week : week Number Dollars Dollars Dollars Number Number Number Total — all workers 1/ 543 .73 6.20 31.50 8.4 5.1 43 ’Thite (prisoners excluded)' 307 .73 6.20 35.00 8.5 5.6 48 Negro 80 1.00 8.50 38.00 8.5 4.5 38 Other nonwhite 2/ 10 1.05 10.10 58.70 9.6 5.8 56 Prisoners-of-war 146 .55 4.40 18.50 8.0 4.2 34 Local 155 .69 5.80 32.70 8.4 5.6 47 Migratory 193 .81 7.00
WagesInAgriculture1946-47.pdf-133
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WagesInAgriculture1946-47.pdf-133
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Table 61.-Michigan Onion Harvesters: Distribution of farms surveyed and types of workers, by size of enterprise, Newago County, Michigan, week ended September 15, 1945 Q o co -H H 00 O £ < o •H o C 1 CC w ct Ct S _p «H rd i—1 O r4 Eh O d o G O C ^4 T^ k H gw- 1 Ct O Q ^ w H o H 1 Ct o C ^ Q ™ w O <\ - 59 - o > ^ 0) cv ct O S CO o c^ �
WagesInAgriculture1946-47.pdf-134
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WagesInAgriculture1946-47.pdf-134
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: survey : .d^y : week : week Dolls:;s Dollars Dollars Number Number Number Total — all farms 613 .66 5.30 30.40 .8.0 5.8 46 Under 10 acres 19 .99 7.50 23.00 7.6 3.1 23 10 — 19 acres 36 .76 6.00 34.70 7.9 5.8 46 20 — 29 acres 110 .79 6.30 37.00 8.0 5.8 47 30 acres and over 448 .61 4.90 28.80 8.0 5.9 47 �
WagesInAgriculture1946-47.pdf-135
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WagesInAgriculture1946-47.pdf-135
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house or lodging 241 62 Hour — — 166 10 Crate 7.4 59.2 Paid by the crate Both sexes 182 10 Crate 7.0 56.3 Males 119 10 Crate 7.7 61.8 Females 63 10 Crate 5.7 45.7 Paid by the hour Both sexes 304 63 Hour — — Males 290 63 Hour — — Females 14 60 uour — — Harvesters on farms.with onion,acreage of; Under 10 acres 6 12 Crate 9.1 83.3 10 68 Hour — — 10 - 19 acres 13 10 Crate 8.8 70.3 19 69 Hour — — 20 - 29
WagesInAgriculture1946-47.pdf-126
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WagesInAgriculture1946-47.pdf-126
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.60 8.5 5.6 48 Regular 2/ 43 ♦66 6.70 39.80 10.2 6.0 61 Receiving house or lodging 183 .86 7.60 44.70 8.9 5.9 53 Not receiving house or lodging 295 .90 7.70 42.40 8.5 5.5 47 Harvesters on farms with cranberry acreage of: Under 11 acres 83 .83 6.90 33.10 8.3 4.8 40 11 - 29 acres 115 .90 7.50 44.50 8.3 5.9 49 30 acres and over 280 .89 7.90 45.70 8.9 5.8 52 Prisoners-of-war 240 .86 7.00 41.20 8.1 5.9 48
WagesInAgriculture1946-47.pdf-127
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WagesInAgriculture1946-47.pdf-127
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Table 52. -Wisconsin Potato Harvesters* distribution of farms surveyed .ani' workers, by size of enterprise^ Portage County, Wisconsin, week ended October 6, 1945 Farms _____ £___ Total. workers ___ • Average Acres of potatoes : number in 1945 $ Number : Percent : Number : Percent : per farm Total - all farms 35 100 109 100 3.1 Under 10 acres 13 38 41 38 3.2 10 - 12 acres 11 31 24 22 2.2 13
WagesInAgriculture1946-47.pdf-128
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WagesInAgriculture1946-47.pdf-128
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Percent Percent _____ Hourly earnings lb tai 109 100 100 100 Under $.20 16 15 17 11 ►20 - .39 59 54 54 55 • 40 and over 3.4 31 29 34 Daily earnings Total 109 100 100 . 1100 Under *2.00 19 17 18 16 .20 -- 3.99 58 54 49 60 4*00 and over 32 29 33 24 Weakly earnings Total 109 100 100 100 Under $5.00 12 11 10 13 5*00 - 14.99 58 53 55 50 15*00 and over 39 36 35 37 �

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