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Lucubrator00143a
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Lucubrator00143a
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[Page] 127 To Mr. Malevolentius. Sir, I have not had an opportunity before, to return you my humble thanks, for your kindness to my family while I was absent; particularly, for digging a large and very useful ditch in my field, without which I fear my cattle would have pinched for want of water this dry time. I have often thought of doing it myself, knowing that in a dry season
Lucubrator00145a
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Lucubrator00145a
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[recto] No. XXXVII. October 26, 1796. On the Motives of human actions. Though we sometimes see men acting without any apparent motive; yet if we could discern their views and intentions, it is probable we might find something which prompted them to their action: and, perhaps, in every act, whether good or bad, the source from which it sprang would be the prospect of advantage real or imaginary
Lucubrator00144a
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Lucubrator00144a
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[Page] 128 I take the liberty to send you the hide of one of my cattle as a present. I could have sent something else; but I thought you had some right to this skin, as you performed part of the butchers business gratis. For I found, this morning, the ox fallen into the abovementioned ditch. Fortunately for me, it happened to be an ox I determined to kill within a few days; but what is also more
Lucubrator00144
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Lucubrator00144
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Lucubrator00165
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Lucubrator00165
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F ’ O ‘ km: 1 ( H; ,£(/ (/gggpr rig (1)74?)/fi&)‘{J77¢i’&/I V V , .“ x 2 if % «Vii 7'1/(fa/;€:)J 72147 av , »tt»<'«); 2247/ mugs/r A4«z.«z;» ,= ‘.4 F’ c’ 1» . <« </ gg ’ » wag. .. ,, w -<~—r ..., ~ — -as. . /49 J/;”‘fi,;Jfi,‘y /Vr) &«‘*c—7;y/’l£75’r?!l* (-€]1&.¢7.r) ! " L - ’ J ‘A //1 /77 » . 0; //2:: 271:-17407: u//:1/7 /ifa» .« 11 law! J, _ ~ , — O T T 07
Lucubrator00165a
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Lucubrator00165a
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[Page] 149 Finding him to be the very person whom I had often heard my father mention, when I was young, as a very likely, promising young man, who had been pressed on board a ship of war, and afterwards taken by the Algerines, I became anxious to know the history of his life; which, when he had sufficiently recovered, he related in the following words. I was born, says he, and lived in this town
Lucubrator00166
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Lucubrator00166
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.. /50 k I 2 ’ x ' . . cfiat) o’/I7-’€//r/zaW~/ 533%!/4/. /.e V 72¢ ': 1 ‘ .7 T ,. . K — ~ , 9912' Ll/‘Z4 £10.45!) 1/ /,1 I7 /{'2 cad1l)72_’ E W}; W z/“,4; ,,. /1%,, ,:,4¢ ,,«;;,;/#2,, /£9 ,2, A/V4 :4/2927 rV; *’27 1516"-’»(«¢’¢('y‘ %/5.44” _,,./,2‘? .,_,..,,,,,,z «£41; (42%/»g,. _g.,.,.,' /,a_,[“, .7/urau yavéy /1-5,-/f§A4‘,/.,»j,,,éf’ 5% f :4/ata Z
Lucubrator00166a
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Lucubrator00166a
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[Page] 150 dead some years before. Having nothing left me, I was now thrown upon the town, and worked with any body who wanted me. Having one day found a hankerchief in the road, I was soon after accused of stealing it and several other articles which had been lost. It was in vain to deny it; the hankerchief I had was the same that was stolen. It was taken for granted therefore that I was guilty
Lucubrator00163
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Lucubrator00163
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/ (/(;(1''¢}( , 05/ 4 1,.) ()*(,(,c’(1P((7Ilt'«’ ‘ ~_; A ‘ // _ . fi (, /.V_. , 1;‘); ,1 2; /{Z 1‘ 27; I {fizz-1/1) 0/ ,;. I ,//I , 1477 .V ( . M;;,,,/;/ x m4 yrv2«1 fig//fl 1.’ III 17/ 14/e/‘A/.r—:}—- ‘ '4 If 5'5 “N .34‘ I. ‘ ‘_-»fi%,xa.g,;; ', A 1.19;; g_.Y»__w.-‘,.- ‘3;»‘;.,¢i«"h-~I, . 3 ; 7 . _ /‘ ;, ca; 21/ gr ’ /),»'—z»£/4,2) I"/' ‘ ""’ "
Lucubrator00167
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Lucubrator00167
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13- « ~-vvj - sg, WVF‘-weww .‘.— vs: '5“"""" v «»,, pr. _ . ;>/ax 51.; Zr%/1,7 ¢7(»LflZd7I/flég-711%/é,¢f/"3, . % #7 442277 Irv /non/’ tr) r/d7n¢'/ /e44wr%; /my ‘A ‘ , Ca/7131.44‘). 4» 7n,¢/aér i/14711754 an ,/ kw: Mg» («lard .,,.,‘,mz<¢,;.;,f2,, M9) ,,,,,,~ :2/ou ‘$1/451/ wax wart/. A 9'/)~A:-254$/. W ‘pig,/,,,‘,/;,a‘[fldJca‘dc/)1::’: . ‘ , /2:: 4442927
Lucubrator00162
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Lucubrator00162
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Lucubrator00164
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Lucubrator00164
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/' fit?/57 #77 ‘/{»%,a¢7*rfl»-I2‘7o” .e%«,;2a,l{é'/ ; /,.« I V _ /5, 9%,/‘,,{,,,?.) /:7 ,;,.,.,¢ ;{....,, ,,,,,,;/;,,,, ,g;;, - 5%" .4 / } "’ ' 5/ I ' 3~*”""/, ‘7“"""'_ 7 ’7””"'/ /*‘~¥—’»' 7'7 if /0/’ wrrraz J-’/zy,g,(/‘,1’ fly ¢Z 11.’/I/77 (4/01.7 79¢‘, A, M 5, ‘‘‘~«/ . , _ ., l , : c//:1/, “.6”, M,"0‘79 '1; ,, at I I17
Lucubrator00163a
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Lucubrator00163a
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[Page] 147 an adequate degree of satisfaction; and vice with its merited punishment; that tho some appear to suffer more and others less than they deserve, yet this is occasioned only by an external view of things, and would be intirely groundless, could we discern the inward as well as outward condition and feetings of mankind. Seeing me so warm and being naturally averse to disputation, my
Lucubrator00164a
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Lucubrator00164a
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[Page] 148 Here we parted, not much satisfied with each other; I had not however proceeded far, before I began to reflect on our dispute, and to consider whether I was not wrong. But recollecting there were many others of the same opinion with whom I was acquainted, and believeing that many more had the same belief, but were kept from confessing it, merely for fear of censure; I dismissed my
Lucubrator00162a
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Lucubrator00162a
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[Page] 146 No. XLIV. August 25, 1797. On the probability of Future Rewards and Punishments. To Mr. Judicius. Sir, I have lately had a warm dispute with a friend, on the probability of future rewards and punishments; a subject on which you have often heard me deliver my opinion and sentiments. My friend strongly maintained that the rewards of virtue and punishment of vice were, in the present
CompiledStudentEssaysPage11
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CompiledStudentEssaysPage11
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is not a diary, does that mean it was meant to be shared? If so, that would make the manuscript more akin to a scrapbook, which, like the scrapbooks of the 21St—century, would be used to log the creator's experiences for the sake of revisiting them later. Actually, 18th-century scrapbooks were a lot like Facebook;
CompiledStudentEssaysPage13
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CompiledStudentEssaysPage13
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this, except for a single broadside, found folded and tucked into the back cover. However, due to the book's unclear history, we can't know whether this broadside was original to the book or was placed there for safekeeping by one of its many owners through the centuries. So, if The Lucubrator is neither a diary nor a scrapbook, what is this thing? We can best classify it as a commonplace book, which is not dissimilar to a Tumblr page; commonplace books were meant to contain a writer's original thoughts or reactions to others’ work, as well as copied—down essays or works written by others, much in the same way a Tumblr page can contain both original posts and the reblogged posts of others. They were meant as places for reflection; the Enlightenment had made se|f—improvement through education a very popular idea, and commonplace books popped up as a means of fostering one’s own critical thinking about events or readings. This fits The Lucubrator to a T. Fred Schurink writes that, of the commonplace books that have survived, the majority are academic in tone, and carefully organized; some, even the more casual ones, include handwritten indices to allow the collector to find passages more easily (463, 466). The Lucubrator looks similar to one contemporary commonplace book, that of Hector Orr. Orr’s essays are similarly numbered and titled. His subject matter is quite similar as well, as the
CompiledStudentEssaysPage12
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CompiledStudentEssaysPage12
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, that could mean that the essays are more or less plagiarized. It was not uncommon in the 17”‘—and 18”‘— centuries for a reader to, upon feeling connected with a certain piece, copy it down, perhaps as a means of committing it to memory, or as a means of putting it in a convenient place (i.e. a scrapbook) where it could be easily found again for rereading. However, this assertion is almost as unlikely
CompiledStudentEssaysPage14
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CompiledStudentEssaysPage14
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or a scrapbook into a commonplace book” (Zboray, et. al, 12). So, the author of The Lucubrator could very well have used the manuscript as a venue to
CompiledStudentEssaysPage10
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CompiledStudentEssaysPage10
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Manuscript—Making: The Lucubrator as Commonplace Book, Diary, and Scrapbook Sarah Fine When we think of blogging, we probably think of someone sitting in front of a computer. However, the concept of blogging isn't new; in fact, people have been practicing forms of life writing for hundreds of years. Most people are probably familiar with diaries, but 18th-century Americans also composed

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