1

' niissioners have requested Mr. Douglass, Chief

. the result.

, way; during the iiiglit astorrn cornincnced and

-Certflill mark: f 1'3. U-011*-13’ ‘Chilling the next following

Will be supported throughout its entire
length, or where it may be upheld by in-
termediate supports, sufficiently near each
other to prevent any degree of sagging ;
but Where’ it is impossible to support it
between the centre andqthe pencil, it is
notby any “means to be recommended.

VVhen the curves are finished, the needle.
may be easily withdrawn, either between
the legs of a pair of common dividers, or
between the blade and back of a penknife.
A hole, :22, should be made in the beam,
for hanging it up.

«These beams are kept ready made,
for sale, by Mr. William J. Young,
mathematical instrunient_ maker, of this
city.

 
 

  
 

 

4_;_.__

CROTON Riven.-——V'v'e perceive by 3.’ statement
in .tlic Daily Advertiser‘, that the VVatcr Coni-

. AMERICAN IIOAEL,

Engineer of the New-York Victor 1'V0rlrs, to
make a gauge of Croton River in its present state,
which has been done accordingly. Tlie result is
communicated to the Clraii-man oftlic Comnii.~;sioir-
crs, Hon. Stephen Allen, in the following terms:
Sim; Sine, 6th October‘, 18:55.

Dear Sir:—1t being a rainy day,l have com-
pleted my calculations relative to the supply of wa-
ter in the Croton, and lose no time in seridirrg you

, The ‘gauging was performed yesterday (Mon-
day) morning, before the flow had been increased
by the working of the Mills above, and probably
C.‘Ll1ll]il.Bt2l‘LllC very lowest rate of disclraiwe which
has been experienced this season, in consequence of
the water having been generally shut baclt in the
pondsldhriiig Sunday. 0 '

I I confcssl was somewhat alarmed by the appear-
ance of the strearn—-it was drawn into so narrow
a channel, leaving wide ‘margins of its slimy bed,
which hadrarely,_—if ever, been uncovered before,
and which had evidently been under water the day
previous, now micovercrl-—'.-and the stake which 1
had driven at the 1'ormer gauging, standing high and
dryer. a considerable distance from the watcr’s edge.
I proceeded with my worl(,,liowcver, and gauged
the water, even in this reduced state, with cxt.reme ’
care, and found the result as follows :—

Section of water‘ equal 40 1-2.square feet.

Mean velocity per second 97-100ths of a foot.

Giving for the discharge per second 39 28-100tlis
cubic feet.

,:A.l_1d per day. 3,393,792 cubic feet‘. -

Whicli is equal to 21,133,324 standard gallons.
, The gauging was performed near Pine’s Bridge,
andof course didnot include Flewwelliiig’s Mill
Streams, and ‘several other runs which ‘were tound
unfailing, and which discharge their watizrs above
the dam. The firstfmentioned, being the most
considerable, were g'Iuiged,. (two ‘of thcni,) and
found to yield jointly 744,326 gallons, which being
added to the preceding result, gives an aggregate

of 21,877,650 gallons*-—-the smaller runs referred .

to not being included.

.- I thought it desirable‘ to obtain this result, as be-
ing the niininium flow under the most imfacorrible «
circumstances; it evidently ought not, however, to
be considered as the discharge of any one entire
day. Tlieqvaters had been stopped back on the
Saturday night previous, and the stream at the in-
stunt of gauging, appeared to be under the full of-
feot.1v'e1nfluence.ot' this st0ppage—-probably a few
hours vvould_.again restoreit to its customary height.
To verify this fact, one of the party w asleft behind
for the purpose of-talting~tlre height of water, by a

24 l:iours,_and the ollowing were the results: at 5
1’. M. 01 the some day, tlicwater had risen 1 7-8
inches, at9 in the €,Vel1i1lg'flD,fEt1‘lll8‘l‘ change either

continued raining in the moriiiiig, so that the rise
ot_waLr.1' was <':m1sid,erablyr iriflutncetl thercby.———
Tire measurement at 7 A. M. on this morning, for
instance, gaveia. rise of 4 3-8 inches, and at 10 a

tlfiiollsmtti ir“a*“d in A“ we is

 

rise of 7 7-8 iiiclies above the level at the hour of
gauging—-antl there now ‘IS, therefore, probably
more than aliundred millions of gallons p-unning,

J 0URNALq- AN

 

from the joint effect of rain and diumul increase.—— ,

To avoid any error in estimating the effect of rain,
I. erccluilc the observatioiis of this morning, and cle-
duce my average daily supply from. the result of the
gauge, and the notes of last ~£'1)£.’ll’l71.g. ’.l.‘liese car-of ul-
ly calculated gave 27,954,790 standard gallons;
and this, under all circumstances, I cons1_der as the
lowest daily supply for this year-’-certainly very
much ioitiiin boiuids, asl have 110:Cl0llbl: fmm my
observation oftlie stream, that the flow would have

been much increased this morning,‘ independently

of the rain, and would have given us, could I have
ascertained it by air actual measurement, an ave-
rage considerably higher than that stated.
aving thus deduced what may be considered as
the mininiuin rate of flow at any one time, and the
niiriinium daily supply, I will just add in connexion,
a remark upon the general average of supply, du-
ring‘ the iloru.glit,l'or this is the real question of~mter-
est in relation to the supply of the city
On the seventeenth of Augustl gauged as hereto-
fore reported, and found between 113 and 44 mil-

A And in coinrnpnwiiiefgallons, 26,266,904. l ~

lions of(winc) gallons flowing. I have since re-
peated the calculation of my notes with greater
care, and find the quantity in st:mdz—rrd galloiis e-
qual to 39,601,'266——-froin that time to the date of
the recent gaiigiirg, the river has been falling regu-
larly,~—but as it fell towartls the last more slowly’
tlr:-in at liist, and tlizil, we may run no rislt of over
cstimatiiig, I give llvllil,’ the value in averaging, to
thclow result, thatl do to the /rig/i one, and upon
this principle I find the daily discliiirge for the time
mentioned (49 dayslcqual to 31,836,948 standard
gallons. '

One other remarlt———Our Croton rcsei-voir.will be
400 acres in extent, and will contain tlicreforc, a-
bout 100,000,000 ofgallons to each foot of depth at
the surface. The disposition of the works at the
head gate, will be such as to admit of drawing this
down ifiiecessury, say 3 1-2 feet ($50,000,000) with
a residue of/zelcl still suliicierit for the full supply of
the conduit-—we shall thus have a disposable‘ sur-
plus, for occasions of drought, suilicicnt, after de-
ducting an ample allowance for evapor-ation,‘to af-
ford 5,G00,000 gallons per diam for fifty years, and
this being added to the preceding average fortliat
tirne,'gives an available irggr'egatc ol' 37,436,948
gallons per diem.

All these calculations, it will be recollectcd, are
founded upon actual ascertained resu'lts, during a
season of unparalleled drought——-on this point there
is no dili'erenco of opinion. 'The,countics ol'Wi:st-
chester and Putnam,lfurnisl1 incontcstible proof of
it, in the multitude of streams and springs every
where noticed as having failed’ this year, which
have never-been known to fail before; and the
Croton irsclf,according to the concurrent testimony
of the inliabitants, has been at the same time lower
and low fora longer period than is rcinembercd on
any former occasion. A» 1-esult,therefore, obtained
under these circumstances may do deemed ‘certain.
and should, I think, put the question of supply on-
tcrely at rest. ' ‘ ,

I should not omit to mention that I gauged the
water on the same day‘ at the wire factory below
Garrittson’s Mill, and found it to agree very nearly
with the gauging above, the pond having been
drawn down.(evening) and the head gates drawn
clear of the water,—-the dii‘i'erenee wasonly. about
about 200,000 gallons. This gauge, however, was
less likely to be accurate than that at Pine’s bridge,
as there was a - considerable stream wasting

through the dam, which it wasldiificult to measure
accurately, on account of its spreading among the
stones. Ishall continue to keep an eye upon this
subject, should anything lhrtlier occur worthy of
notice. _
I remain, yours very truly,
_ D. B. DOUGLASS.
Cll!lL’fEflg’l1l€C‘I‘ JV‘. Y. Water Works.
Step/ieii Jillen, Esq. Chairman, Ste.

[From the Jllbrmy ./Jrgus, ea:lra,j
ALBANY. '

The following communication, exhibiting the ac.
tual ponditioii of our city, itsprospects and advan-
tag‘e:>,is'fron1,a source, it will be perceived, that
entitles Its Statements to entirccrcdit. W e lay it;
heme 0111‘ leaders with the more pleasure, as the

presciitindicationspoint not only to the continued
prosperity of the city, but to tie prevalence ofa,

I

D
spirit among us that must lead to afar higher ap-
preciation of the advaiitages of this most favored
location for all the purposes of extensive business
and profitable adventure. The growth of Albany
has beenstcady, and in all respects substantial.
At the head of one of the most noble rivers in Ame-
rica——-at the confluence of the river, and a chain of
internal conimunication, stretching west from the
Hudson to the Mississippi, and north to the St.
St. Lawrence-—t.hc recipient of the products, not
only of our own west, with its abundance and for-

   

ing country, bordering upon and lying between the
two great points referred to,—its destrnypcannot be
mistaken. It must become one of the largest of the
cities of the Union. This result will be facilitated
by the measures now in progress for opening a
direct communication, via Stoclibridge and Wor-
cestor, to Boston; and particularly by the fresh
spirit and energy with which our citizens have en-«
tered into that and other improvements.

This communication, which we conceive to be
of sutlicient value to issue in, this form, is intended
to be addressed to such persons _in the New-
England States especially, as will be likely, from
their character, standing and rclative_ situation, to
View the matter with interest, and give it _c1rcula-
tion among those for whose information it 15 de-
signed.

Sia-—~VVitli a VlC\V of inducing men of capital
and industrious mechanics contemplating to re-
move from your neighbourhood to this or the wes-
tern states, to establish themselves in this city, we
take the liberty of presenting to you the following
statement, with the request that you will give it a
general circulation.

ALBANY, the capital of the State of New-Yoitit,
is near the head of navigation on the Hudson Riv-
er, where the great western and northern canals
terminate. Its happy position, at a point whore a
river navigable to the ocean, and one of the finest
in the world, meets the great inland communica-
tions with the northern and western lakes, ensures
its advancement, and that at no distant period,

this country. Since the completion of the Erie and
Champlain canals, its progress in populatioii and
business has been almost Lpaexurnpled. .

In 1820, the numbeii-‘of inhabitants was 12,630.
In 1830, 24,209, being an increase of 92 per cent
in ten years. No census has been taken since
1830, but one is now in progress, and will shortly
be completed. N o doubt is entertained, from the
increase of business in the city, that it will show a
very great increase of population over that of 1830.

The following table shows the increase in the a-
mount of produce and merchandize arriving at Al-
bany, by way of the Canal in two years from 1832
to 1834 :

COMPARATIVE TABLE FOR THE rnnns
~ 1832. 1834.
Domestic spirits, bls. 21,285 20,839
“ hhds. 1,274 .
Boards and scantling, feet, 36,020,594 62,103,000
Shingles, M. 22,643
Timber, feet, 55,569 104,145
Flour, bls. 422,695 795,182
Provisions “ 21,274 20,864
Salt, bush. 23,117 19,070
Ashes, bls. 19,091 16,494
Wood, cords, 15,224 17,685
Vvhcat, bush, 145,960 233,574
Coarse grain, “ 208,943 490,880
No.of boats arr’d and cleared, 14,300 18,554
N 0. of tons, - 109,300 146,800

It appears from the above table that the increase
n favor of1834 over 1832 on the three greatest ar-
ticles of’ merchandize, viz: lumber in its various
shapes, flour and grain, is from 70 to 100 per cent.
and a continued increase will 'no doubt go on.——
The lumber trade alone at this city, is already im-
mense, it being one of the best lumber markets in
the union, and promises to continue so for a long
time to come.

The following is a complete return of the differ‘-
ent articles arriving at Albany by way of the canal
during the year 1834.

, 1834.
' [Coinplcle return of articles, wider the new order.]

Domestic spirits, brls. 839
Boards and scantling, feet 62,103,000
Shingles, M. , , , 22,643 i
l Timber, feet , 104.145
Stav-es, 56,438,000
Flour brls. 795,182 '

tility, but of all the extended and rapidly improv-

to the very first 1‘£t11l{ among the inland cities of